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Unit 2 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| a molecule with different charges on opposite end | Polar |
| the force that holds molecules together | Cohesion |
| the force that attracts molecules of the same substance to stick together | Adhesion |
| when a hydrogen atom bonds to an electronegative atom | Hydrogen bond |
| the OH- ion | Hydrogen ion |
| anything that increases hydronium ions and turns blue litmus paper red. | Acid |
| anything that increases hydroxide ions and turns red litmus paper blue | Base |
| measures how acidic or basic a substance is. ranges from 0-14. 0-6 is acidic, 8-14 is basic, and 7 is neutral | pH scale |
| made from a weak base or acid used to neutralize a stronger base or acid. | buffer |
| a covalent bond that is made of carbon and excludes carbonates and oxides | organic compound |
| simple molecule that joins with other molecules to form a polymer | monomer |
| a large molecule that is formed by at least five monomers | polymer |
| when water molecules for into liquid form | condensation reaction |
| source of energy for cells | ATP |
| any organic compound composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, provides nutrients to cells and things | carbohydrate |
| basic monomer of a carbohydrate | monosaccharide |
| sugar formed from two monosaccharides | disaccharide |
| sugar formed from more than two monosaccharides | polysaccharide |
| organic compound made of more than one amino acid , main component of all cells | protein |
| organic molecule that is made of carboxyl , protein monomer | amino acid |
| chemical bond that forms between carboxyl of one acid and the amino group of another amino acid. | peptide bond |
| long chain of many amino acids. | polypeptide |
| a type of RNA molecule that makes metabolic actions faster in olants and animals without being destroyed | enzyme |
| a substance that lies under another substance supporting it. | substrate |
| the site on an enzyme that sticks to a substrate | active site |
| large non polar molecule that has fats and steroids , store energy to make up membranes | lipid |
| lipid that has four carbon rings, normally has a physiological action | steroid |
| RNA or DNA made of two or more chains of nucleotides and carry genetics | nucleic acid |
| sub unit in a nucleic acid that contains sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. | nucleotide |
| the smallest unit that perform life functions | cell |
| the place in a cell that is in the membrane and includes the fluid , the cytoskeleton, and all organelles, but the nucleus | cytoplasm |
| soluble part of the cytoplasm, contains particles like the ribosome | cytosol |
| single celled organism, no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles | prokaryote |
| an organism made of cells that include a membrane, and a nucleus , normally plants and animals and fungi. not bacteria. | eukaryote |
| one of the small bodies found in a cell's cytoplasm | organelle |
| cytoplasmic network of protein filaments that aids in cell movement, shape, and division | cytoskeleton |
| tubular fibers mad of tubulin in the cell's cytoplasm, aid in movement and structure | microtubule |
| fiber inside eukaryotic cells , made mainly of actin, aids in movement | microfilament |
| hairlike structure in rows that projects from the cell's surface | cilium |
| hairlike structure that aids the cell in movement | flagellum |
| a circular DNA molecule that is found in bacteria | plasmid |
Created by:
kaitlyn.wimpee0418
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