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ch. 2,3,4, vocab
science vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1.polar | opposite poles that are extremes and can relate to positive/negative |
| 2.cohesion | molecules that bind together that are alike |
| 3.adhesion | when molecules attract that aren't alike |
| 4.hydrogen bond | a bond formed between a hydrogen atom and that of another molecule. |
| 5.hydroxide ion | a bond with one hydrogen and one hydroxide molecule |
| 6. hydronium ion | a bond with the hydrogen ions and one oxygen molecule |
| 7.acid | a chemical compound that gives off positive hydrgen atoms |
| 8.base | a chemical compound that gives off negative hydroxide atoms |
| 9.pH scale | a scale that determines the strength of acid or base ranging from 0-14 |
| 10.buffer | chemical substance that neutralizes an acid or a base |
| 11. organic compound | a compound that consists of at least one carbon molecule |
| 12.monomer | carbon compounds built up from simpler compounds |
| 13.polymer | a repeatedly linked molecule |
| 14.condensation reaction | when monomers are linked to polynomers |
| 15.ATP | a compound of energy currency |
| 16.carbohydrate | organic compound with carbon, hydrogen, oxygen |
| 17monsaccharide | a monomer of a carbohydrate |
| 18.disaccharide | a double sugar formed from 2 monosaccharides |
| 19.polysaccharide | 3 or more monosaccharides |
| 20.protein | organic compound with carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen |
| 21.amino acid | linkage of monomers to form a protein molecule |
| 22.peptide bond | two amino acids bonded |
| 23.polypeptide | a long chain of amino acids |
| 24.enzyme | catalyst essential for the functions of a cell |
| 25.substrate | the reactant being catalyzed |
| 26.active site | a fold which allows the substrate to fit in place |
| 27.lipid | a bunch of different molecules that follow under tthe description of large, nonpolar, organic molecules |
| 28.steroid | a molecule with four fused carbon rings with diffenent groups with different functions. |
| 29.nucleic acid | organic molecules that store and transfer important in that cell |
| 30.nucleotide | a group that has 3 main components:1.a phosphate group, a five carbon sugar, and a ring shaped nitrogenous base |
| 31.cell | a small being that performs the tasks of life |
| 32.cytoplasm | area inside the cell with all of the organelles except the nucleus |
| 33.cytosol | a part in the cytoplasm that includes small particles but not the organelles |
| 34.prokaryote | organisms that lacks a nucleus and organelles unicellular |
| 35.eukaryote | multicellular and an organism that has a nucleus and organelles |
| 36.organelle | bodies inside a cell that help the cell function |
| 37.cytoskelelton | thin tubes and filaments that cross over the cytosol |
| 38.microtubule | hollow tubes that help hold organelles in place |
| 39.microfilament | long threads that help control cell movement |
| 40.cilium | hairlike structures that assist in the movement of a cell |
| 41.flagellum | longer and less numerous than cilium nut perform the same basic function |
| 42.plastid | organelle that is surrounded by a double membrane and contains it's own DNA |
Created by:
arcole.brandon0822
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