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Biologyp.4
terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Eyepiece | magnifies 10x where yuo look though |
| stage | supports the object being viewed |
| low power objective | medium lens,magnifies 10x |
| scanning power objective | smallest lens,magnifies 4x |
| high power objective | largest lens,magnifies 40x |
| coarse adjustment knob | focus image on scanning a low power |
| fine adjustment knob | focus image on high power |
| diaphragm | adjust the amount of light |
| atoms | smallest unit of matter |
| molecules | groups of atoms bonded together . each type of molecule has unique chemical properties |
| cells | the basic unit of life.a cell is made up of many different types of molecules |
| tissue | a group of identical cells that carry out a specific function |
| organ | a group of tissues that carries out a specific function |
| organ system | a group of organs that work together to carry out a broad set of functions |
| organism | an individual living thing that is capable of reproducing |
| population | a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species |
| community | all the interacting populations within a system |
| ecosystem | all the living and non-living things in a system |
| biosphere | all the environments on the planet that are inhabited by life |
| unicellular | made up of one cell |
| multicellular | made up of many cells |
| prokaryotes | no nucleus |
| Eukaryotes | has a nucleus |
| reproduction | making more living things |
| genetic material | DNA |
| polar | a molecule with partial positive side a partial negative side |
| how does a hydrogen bond form ? | a hydrogen band forms when a positive hydrogen of one water molecule is attracted to the negative oxygen of a different water molecule . |
| Cell membrane | The cell membrane is primarily composed of a mix of proteins and lipids |
| Ribosomes | Ribosomes are cell organelles that consist of RNA and proteins. |
| Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm is basically the substance that fills the cell. |
| nucleus | The nucleus is a membrane bound structure that contains the cell's hereditary information and controls the cell's growth and reproduction. It is commonly the most prominent organelle in the cell. |
| mitochondria | Mitochondria are the energy factories of the cells |
| choloplast | whats inside a plant |
| Golgi body | Golgi is composed of stacks of membrane-bound structures |
| lysosome | The enyzmes contained in lysosomes are examples of the proteins that are manufactured by the Ribosomes, typically in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. |
| vacuole | Vacuoles tend to be large in plant cells |
| cell wall | The cell wall is composed of cellulose fiber |
| cilia and flagella | Cilia and flagella move liquid past the surface of the cell. |
| vesicle | to control the body |
| centriole | Centrioles are found in animal cells and help to organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division |
| cytoskeleton | The cytoskeleton is present in all cells; it was once thought to be unique to eukaryotes, |
| animal cell | Animal cells are eukaryotic cells, |
| plant cell | Plant cells are eukaryotic cells |
| sex cell | Sex cells are called gametes |
| gamete | |
| haploid | A haploid cell is a cell that contains one complete set of chromosomes. |
| autosome | Gametes are haploid cells that are produced by meiosis. |
| sex chromosomes | human cells |
| meiosis | sexual reproduction |
| mitosis | is the process by which a eukaryotic cell separates |
| chlorophyl | Chlorophyll is the molecule that absorbs sunlight and uses its energy to synthesise carbohydrates from CO2 and water. |
| diffusion | transport phenomena that occur in nature |
| facilitated diffusion | is a process of passive transport |
| active transport | is the movement of a substance across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient |
| endosymbiosis | a type of symbiosis in which one organism lives inside the other, the two typically behaving as a single organism |
| phospholipid | A lipid with one or more phosphate groups attached to it. |
| hydropholipid | an organell |
| passive transport | a movement of biochemicals and other atomic or molecular substances across membranes |
| fluid transport | The directed movement of substances that are in liquid form in normal living conditions into, out of or within a cell, |
| isotonic | osmotic pressure and same water potential since the two solutions have an equal concentration of water molecules. |
| hypertonic | Having a higher osmotic pressure in a fluid relative to another fluid. |
| endocytosis | A process in which cell takes in materials from the outside by engulfing and fusing them with its plasma membrane. |
| exocytosis | The process in which the cell releases materials to the outside by discharging them as membrane |
| TROPICAL RAIN FOREST | warm temperature and abundant rainfall lush thick forest |
| GRASS LAND | warm summers with a dry season and a rainy season. tall grasses with scattered tress |
| DESERT | almost no rain fall . vegetation store |
| TEMPERATE FROST | Temperate forests grow between the tropics and the polar regions in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres |
| TAIGA | things very difficult, mostly in the winter. Some of the animals in the taiga hibernate in the winter, some fly south if they can, while some just cooperate with the environment, which is very difficult. |
| TUNDRA | Tundras are among Earth's coldest, harshest biomes. Tundra ecosystems are treeless regions found in the Arctic and on the tops of mountains, |
| DENSITY DEPENDENT FACTOR | A factor that causes a level of mortality that varies with the number of individuals in the population.. |
| DENSITY INDEPENDENT FACTOR | are unrelated to population size; they affect the same percentage of individuals regardless of population density |
| PREDATOR/PREY RELATIONSHIP | A predator is an organism that eats another organism they almost always used to mean only animals that eat animals. The prey is the organism which the predator eats. |
| INTERASPECIFIC COMPETITION | struggle between members of a population for scarce resources |
| INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION | Interspecific competition refers to the competition between two or more species for some limiting resource. |
| SYMBIOSIS | a close ecological relationship between the individuals of two or more different species. |
| PARASITISM | Parasitism is a relationship in which one organism the host is the source of food and or shelter for another organism, |
| COMMENSALISM | A symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species in which one derives some benefit while the other is unaffected |
| MUTUALISM | is a class of relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits but the other is neutral |
| TERRESTRIAL SUCCESSION | Terrestrial succession is defined as a series of uniform vegetational changes through time; the process of recovery from disturbance. |
| PIONEER SPECIES | pioneer species is a species that is first to establish itself in an area where nothing is growing or in an area that has been devastated by fire,flood, plowing |
| CLIMAX COMMUNITY | A climax community is the final stage of succession, remaining relatively unchanged until destroyed by an event such as fire or human interference. |
| PRIMARY SUCCESSION | Primary succession is one of two types of biological and ecological succession of plant life, occurring in an environment. |
| SECONDARY SUCCESSION | the series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat. |
| AQUATIC POND SUCCESSION | the natural lifespan of a pond. |
| COMPETITION | the act of competing; rivalry for supremacy, |
| PREDATION | predation is the act of being a predator, catching and attacking. |
| SYMBIOSSIS | a close ecological relationship between the individuals of two or more different species. Sometimes a symbiotic relationship benefits both species, sometimes one species benefits at the other's expense, and in other cases neither species benefits. |
| PIONEER SPECIES | Pioneer species are species which colonize previously uncolonized land, usually leading to ecological succession. |
| CLIMAX COMMUNITY | An ecological community in which populations of plants or animals remain stable and exist in balance with each other and their environment |
| PRIMARY SUCCESSION | Primary succession is one of two types of biological and ecological succession of plant life, occurring in an environment. |
| PHOTOSYNTHESIS | the process of converting light energy to chemical energy and storing it in the bonds of sugar. |
| MITOCHONDRIA | Mitochondria are the energy factories of the cells. |
| CHLOROPLAST | A plastid that contains chlorophyll and in which photosynthesis takes place.in green plant cells |
| CELLULAR RESPIRATION | energy from the chemical bonds of food molecules and provide that energy for the essential processes of life. |
Created by:
andreaWHS
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