Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
basic chem and bond
Basic Chemistry and Chemical Bonding
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| all matter, living or non-living, is made up of | atoms |
| atoms have a nucleus containing ______ _______ and _________ __________ | positive protons, neutral neutrons |
| _________ ___________ travel around the nucleus in orbitals or shells | negative electrons |
| high energy electrons with be closer/farther from the nucleus | farther |
| an electron's level depends upon its _________ | energy |
| H₂0 | water molecule |
| CO₂ | carbon dioxide molecule |
| shell with a 2 electron maximum | K |
| shell with an 8 electron maximum | L |
| energy is absorbed as an electron moves from a ____________ to a _________ orbital | low energy, high energy |
| composed of only one kind of | element |
| listed by symbols on the periodic table | element |
| carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen are examples of | elements |
| two or more kinds of atoms combined in a definite proportion | compounds |
| H₂O and CO₂ are also known as | compounds |
| sharing of electrons form a _____________ bond | covalent |
| most compounds are made of: | molecules |
| smallest part of a compound that still retain properties of the compound | molecules |
| two or more atoms chemically bonded together | molecule |
| elements in a compound always occur in a _________ ____________ | definite proportion |
| proportions of elements in a molecule of a compound are designated by _______________ in a chemical formula | subscripts |
| the number of molecules present is designated with a ___________ | coefficient (4 C₆H₁₂0₆) the 4 is the coefficient |
| structural formulas show the ______________ of atoms in space | orientation |
| the number on top of an element in the periodic table | atomic number |
| the large letter in an element in the periodic table | symbol |
| the number on the bottom of an element in the periodic table | mass number |
| the number of protons | atomic number |
| an element is determined by: | atomic number |
| elements are listed in rows on the periodic table according to _______________ ______________ ________________ | increasing atomic number |
| rows of elements have the same number of _____________ | shells |
| the nucleus containing protons and neutrons makes up most of the _________ of the element | mass |
| mass number = | protons + neutrons |
| atoms of the same element will have the same number of protons but there might be a different number of _______________ or ________________ | neutrons, electrons |
| varieties of the same element | isotopes |
| same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons will change the: | mass number |
| oxygen 16, 17, and 18 are examples of | isotopes |
| unstable nuclei sometimes emit radiation which can be traced and measured are known as | radioisotopes |
| radioisotypes are often used as _____________ ______________ to detect abnormalities in size, shape, or function of an organ | medical tracers |
| tritium (hydrogen-3) is an example of ________________ | radioisotope |
| outermost electrons which determine the element's behavior or properties | valence electrons |
| ___________ on the periodic table represent families of elements with the same number of valence electrons and this similar properties | columns |
| only the valence electrons participate in ______________ | bonding |
| an atom is most stable when its outermost electron ring or shell is full | octet rule |
| atoms will bond accordingly to achieve ______________ | stability |
| bonding patterns are determined by the number of: | valence electrons |
| atoms are most stable when their outer electron shell is: | full |
| elements with ____ or less valence electrons will tend to lose electrons | 3 |
| elements with 5,6, or 7 electrons will gain the needed amount to achieve a stable ____ configuration | 8 |
| atoms will lose, gain, or ________ electrons to achieve stability | share |
| Na (sodium) has 1 electron and Cl (chloride) has 7. what will happen with the electrons | sodium will lose its electron to chloride to form salt |
| When sodium loses an electron it ends up with 11 protons and 10 electrons which gives it a positive charge. This is known as a | positively charged ion |
| when a chlorine gains an electron it becomes a | negatively charged ion |
| ions with opposite charges are attracted to one another in what is called an | ionic bond |
| ionic bonds form ___________ | crystals |
| sodium giving up an electron to chlorine to produce sodium chloride is an example of | ionic bonding |
| when electrons are transferred from one atom to another to create positive and negative ions which are then attracted to each other is known as | ionic bonding |
| when atoms SHARE electrons such that each completes its outermost ring of electrons is known as a | covalent bond |
| an example of a covalent bond is: | water |
| for each covalent bond formed, a pair of ___________ is shared between two atoms | electrons |
| if two pairs of electrons are shared (four total) then a ___________ __________ exists | double bond |
| an example of a double bond is | carbon dioxide |
| if three pairs of electrons (6 total) are shared then a ________ _________ is formed | triple bond |
| an example of a triple bond is: | a molecule of nitrogen |
| when two atoms of the same element covalently bond together, a ___________ _____________ is formed | diatomic molecule |
| when atoms lose or gain electrons _______ form | ions |
| oppositely charged ions ____________ and form _______ _________ | attract ionic bonds |
| when atoms share electrons to meet the octet rule and complete their outer shell, _________ ___________ are formed | covalent |
Created by:
serverge
Popular Biology sets