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ES113AX-2.03

Earth Science 2.03 flashcards for CAVA

QuestionAnswer
Earth's internal <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> drives plate movements Earth's internal <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">heat</span> drives plate movements
Earth's internal heat drives <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> movements Earth's internal heat drives <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">plate</span> movements
The upper mantle is called the <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>. The upper mantle is called the <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">asthenosphere</span>.
The core of the Earth is made of <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> and <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> The core of the Earth is made of <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">nickel</span> and <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">iron</span>
The earth has two internal sources of heat energy: (1) heat leftover from <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> and (2) radioactive substances in the earth's interior layers. The earth has two internal sources of heat energy: (1) heat leftover from <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">when the earth was formed</span> and (2) radioactive substances in the earth's interior layers.
The earth has two internal sources of heat energy: (1) heat leftover from when the earth was formed and (2) <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> in the earth's interior layers. The earth has two internal sources of heat energy: (1) heat leftover from when the earth was formed and (2) <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">radioactive substances</span> in the earth's interior layers.
The relationship between depth and temperature is called the <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> gradient. The relationship between depth and temperature is called the <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">geothermal</span> gradient.
The relationship between <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> and temperature is called the geothermal gradient. The relationship between <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">depth</span> and temperature is called the geothermal gradient.
The relationship between depth and <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> is called the geothermal gradient. The relationship between depth and <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">temperature</span> is called the geothermal gradient.
At 100 km, earth's temperature is 1,200-1,400°C, at it's center about 6,900°C: hotter than<span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>. At 100 km, earth's temperature is 1,200-1,400°C, at it's center about 6,900°C: hotter than<span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;"> the sun's surface</span>.
Heat is constantly being lost through earth's surface. This loss is called <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>. Heat is constantly being lost through earth's surface. This loss is called <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">heat flow</span>.
density = <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>/volume density = <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">mass</span>/volume
density = mass/<span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> density = mass/<span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">volume</span>
<span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> = mass/volume <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">density</span> = mass/volume
Dense layers of water sink under <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>. Dense layers of water sink under <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">less dense ones</span>.
<span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> water tends to be less dense than cold water. <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">Warm</span> water tends to be less dense than cold water.
Warm water tends to be less dense than <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> water. Warm water tends to be less dense than <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">cold</span> water.
Like any fluid, hot <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> flow, rise, and sink according to changes in density, temperature, composition, and pressure. Like any fluid, hot <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">rocks</span> flow, rise, and sink according to changes in density, temperature, composition, and pressure.
It is very slow, but the rocks in the outer core, mantle, and crust do <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>. It is very slow, but the rocks in the outer core, mantle, and crust do <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">flow</span>.
One plate can slide underneath another. This is called <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> One plate can slide underneath another. This is called <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">subduction</span>
Two plates can move apart from each other along mid-ocean ridges. Where it happens is called a <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>. Two plates can move apart from each other along mid-ocean ridges. Where it happens is called a <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">spreading center</span>.
At the spreading center, new <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> gets added to each plate as the plates move apart. At the spreading center, new <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">crust</span> gets added to each plate as the plates move apart.
Heat from earth's core creates <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> in the upper mantle Heat from earth's core creates <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">convection</span> in the upper mantle
Convection is one way that <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> is transferred. Convection is one way that <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">heat</span> is transferred.
Upper-mantle convection causes <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> to move. Upper-mantle convection causes <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">plates</span> to move.
Upper-mantle <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> causes plates to move. Upper-mantle <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">convection</span> causes plates to move.
Convection in earth's upper <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> causes tectonic plates to move Convection in earth's upper <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">mantle</span> causes tectonic plates to move
as the cold dense rocks on the edge of a subducted plate sink into the mantle, they pull the rest of the <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> along with them. as the cold dense rocks on the edge of a subducted plate sink into the mantle, they pull the rest of the <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">plate</span> along with them.
Heat from the core warms the underside of the upper mantle, which sets up <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span> cells. Heat from the core warms the underside of the upper mantle, which sets up <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">convection</span> cells.
Heat from the core warms the underside of the upper <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">[...]</span>, which sets up convection cells. Heat from the core warms the underside of the upper <span style="font-weight:600; color:#0000ff;">mantle</span>, which sets up convection cells.
Created by: mrshapard
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