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Ecology Review FHS1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The branch of biology that deals with interactions among living organisms and their environment. | Ecology |
| What are the levels of organization? | Individual, Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere |
| All of the members of a particular species in a given area | population |
| all of the various populations in a given area | community |
| includes the community and the physical environment | ecosystem |
| that portion of the earth and atmosphere in which life exists | biosphere |
| all living components and their effects | biotic factors |
| all of the non-living components of an ecosystem | abiotic factors |
| these determine which biotic factors can inhabit an area | abiotic factors |
| autotrophs | producers |
| capable of making their own food | producers |
| energy flow in an ecosystem must begin with a ______ | producer |
| heterotrophs | consumers |
| must obtain their food from the environment | consumers |
| eat plant material | herbivores |
| eat meat | carnivores |
| eat live prey | predators |
| eat dead plants and animals | scavengers |
| eats plants and animals | omnivores |
| animals which consumer primarily dead plant material | detritovores |
| breaks down dead material of plants and animals and returns nutrients to the ground | decomposers |
| saprobes | decomposers |
| recyclers of the ecosystem | decomposers |
| What are the 6 trophic levels | producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer, scavenger, decomposer |
| a set of interconnected food chains | food web |
| % of our bodies composed of water | 70% |
| What % of water is in the ocean? | 97% |
| How does water get into the atmosphere? | evaporation |
| Where does most of the water that goes from the land to the atmosphere come from? | Transpiration |
| What is the process of using CO2 and creating O2? | photosynthesis |
| What is the process of using O2 and releasing CO2? | cellular respiration |
| Burning fossil fuels created the ____________________. | greenhouse effect |
| increased levels of CO2 | greenhouse effect |
| list two long-term effects of the greenhouse effect | rise in temperature, loss of home to animals |
| Why is Nitrogen common and in short supply? | makes up 78% of atmosphere but is in unbreakable triple bond |
| How is nitrogen assimilated into living systems? What does it do? | Eaten, supply of ammonia and nitrates |
| Denitrification is the reduction of nitrates back into the largely inert nitrogen gas (N2), completing the nitrogen cycle | denitrification |
| the oxidation of the ammonium compounds in dead organic material into nitrites and nitrates by soil nitrobacteria, making nitrogen available to plants | nitrification |
| convert the organic nitrogen within the remains back into ammonium (NH4+) | ammonification |
| Plants take nitrogen from the soil, by absorption through their roots in the form of either nitrate ions or ammonium ions | assimilation |
| How have humans altered the nitrogen cycle? | fertilizers, fossil fuels, cultivation of leguminous plants |
| How is acid rain produced? | nitric oxide dissolves in water, becomes nitric acid |
| A place where nothing can live. | dead zone |
Created by:
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