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science chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 5 structural layers | lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core |
| energy and matter exchange | open system |
| only energy; not matter exchanged | close system |
| 4 main spheres | atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, biosphere |
| largest ecosystem on Earth | biosphere |
| 4 cycles | phosphorus, nitrogen, carbon,water |
| what are Earth's pole-to-pole circumference and equatorial circumference measurements? | 40,007 km, 40,704 km |
| who was the 1st to explain effects of gravity | newton |
| 3 factors that control | producers,consumers, and decomposers |
| what happens to energy as it passes through the ecosystem | it changes form |
| mantle and crust | lithosphere |
| below lithosphere less rigid layer | asthenosphere |
| solid rock mantle below asthenosphere | mesosphere |
| a mixture of gases that surround a planet, moon or other celestial body | atmosphere |
| a set of particles or interacting components considered to be a distinct physical entity for the purpose of study | system |
| the thin and solid outermost layer of the earth above the mantle | crust |
| the central part of earth below the mantle | core |
| the portion of the earth that is water | hydrosphere |
| the part of earth where life exists; includes all the living organisms on earth | biosphere |
| the layer of rick between earth's crust and core; denser than the crust | mantle |
| the mostly solid, rocky part of earth; extends from the center of the core to the surface of the crust | geosphere |