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Test1_Chapter 58
Assessment and Management of Patients With Eye and Vision Disorders- Chapter 58
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| accommodation: | process by which the eye adjusts for near distance (eg, reading) by changing the curvature of the lens to focus a clear image on the retina |
| anterior chamber: | space in the eye bordered anteriorly by the cornea and posteriorly by the iris and pupil |
| aphakia: | absence of the natural lens |
| aqueous humor: | watery fluid that fills the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye |
| astigmatism: | refractive error in which light rays are spread over a diffuse area rather than sharply focused on the retina, a condition caused by differences in the curvature of the cornea and lens |
| binocular vision: | normal ability of both eyes to focus on one object and fuse the two images into one |
| blindness: | inability to see, usually defined as corrected visual acuity of 20/400 or less, or a visual field of no more than 20 degrees in the better eye |
| bullous keratopathy: | corneal edema with painful blisters in the epithelium due to excessive corneal hydration chemosis: |
| edema of the conjunctiva | |
| cones: | retinal photoreceptor cells essential for visual acuity and color discrimination |
| diplopia: | seeing one object as two; double vision |
| emmetropia: | absence of refractive error |
| enucleation: | complete removal of the eyeball and part of the optic nerve |
| evisceration: | removal of the intraocular contents through a corneal or scleral incision; the optic nerve, sclera, extraocular muscles, and sometimes, the cornea are left intact |
| exenteration: | surgical removal of the entire contents of the orbit, including the eyeball and lids |
| hyperemia: | “red eye” resulting from dilation of the vasculature of the conjunctiva |
| hyperopia: | farsightedness; a refractive error in which the focus of light rays from a distant object is behind the retina |
| hyphema: | blood in the anterior chamber |
| hypopyon: | collection of inflammatory cells that has the appearance of a pale layer in the inferior anterior chamber of the eye |
| injection: | congestion of blood vessels |
| keratoconus: | cone-shaped deformity of the cornea |
| limbus: | junction of the cornea and sclera |
| miotics: | medications that cause pupillary constriction |
| mydriatics: | medications that cause pupillary dilation |
| myopia: | nearsightedness; a refractive error in which the focus of light rays from a distant object is anterior to the retina |
| neovascularization: | growth of abnormal new blood vessels |
| nystagmus: | involuntary oscillation of the eyeball |
| papilledema: | swelling of the optic disc due to increased intracranial pressure |
| photophobia: | ocular pain on exposure to light |
| posterior chamber: | space between the iris and vitreous |
| proptosis: | downward displacement of the eyeball resulting from an inflammatory condition of the orbit or a mass within the orbital cavity |
| ptosis: | drooping eyelid |
| refraction: | determination of the refractive errors of the eye and correction by lenses |
| rods: | retinal photoreceptor cells essential for bright and dim light |
| scotomas: | blind or partially blind areas in the visual field |
| strabismus: | a condition in which there is deviation from perfect ocular alignment |
| sympathetic ophthalmia: | an inflammatory condition created in the fellow eye by the affected eye (without useful vision); the condition may become chronic and result in blindness (of the fellow eye) |
| trachoma: | a bilateral chronic follicular conjunctivitis of childhood that leads to blindness during adulthood, if left untreated |
| vitreous humor: | gelatinous material (transparent and colorless) that fills the eyeball behind the lens |
| Note: | Common abbreviations related to vision and eye health are OD (oculus dexter, right eye), OS (oculus sinister, left eye), and OU (oculus uterque, both eyes). |
Created by:
jhrobins99
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