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PA Quiz #2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Is pain normal? | Yes |
| Where does pain originate from? | Pain is an output from the brain |
| What are the components of pain? | Contextual and learned information |
| How is pain perceived? | 1) Cognitive value and response priority 2) Past experience 3) Sensory, emotional, motor, & cultural 4) Protection from further injury |
| What are the 2 best predictors of someone going into a chronic pain state? | Happiness and home and at work |
| What source of pain is transmitted via A delta and C fibers to dorsal horn and to brain? | Peripheral Nociceptive |
| What source of pain creates abnormal impulse generator sites (AIGS)? | Peripheral Neurogenic |
| What is the source of pain when the nerve is stripped of myelin? | Peripheral Neurogenic |
| What source creates abnormal pain states? | Central pain |
| Pain provoked by stimulus that does not typically cause pain: | Allodynia |
| Heightened response to a pain stimulus: | Hyperalgesia |
| Pain that lasts longer than 6 months: | Chronic Pain |
| A patient with chronic pain will exhibit what symptoms? | Fatigued, depressed, fatigues easily |
| What source of pain is RSD or Complex Regional Pain Syndromes? | Sympathetic Nervous system |
| What are the afferent types of pain? | Interoceptors, Exteroceptors, Propioceptors, & Large Aδ & Large C |
| What type of afferent pain receptors are: internal, always sensing what's going on inside the body (ie: bp, blood oxygen, gases, etc)? | Interoceptors |
| What type of afferent pain receptors are: anything that receives and respons to some sort of stimulus that originates outside of the body (ie: ears, eyes, nose, skin, etc)? | Exteroceptors |
| What type of afferent pain receptors are: both intero- and extero-receptors (muscles, tendons, joints); give info to the CNS about movement, positon of limbs, the trun, the head and neck, etc; and is used when eyes are closed? | Propioceptors |
| What type of afferent pain receptors are: fast and first interpetation of pain; respon more to stimuli such as cold and pressure; mylenated; reason why you "react" to pain? | Large Aδ |
| What type of afferent pain receptors are: Slower and secondary; Somatic nervous system; pain generated months later; unmylenated; responds to stimuli strong intensity; chronic pain or neuropathy; react to thermal, mechanical & chemical stimuli | Large C |
| Diameter = 0.2-1.5 um; velocity = no more than 2 m/sec | Large C |
| Diameter = 1-5 um; velocity = 2-30 m/sec | Large Aδ |
| Sensation is perceived as sharp, pricking for a short duration: | A delta |
| Sensitive to very intense mechanical and temperature: | C Fibers |
| Temperature ranges from less than 59 deg F to greater than 123 deg. F | C Fibers |
| What are the non-nociceptive afferents? | Mechanoreceptors, Proprioceptors, & thermoreceptors |
| The mechanorecptor that: found in dermis; sensitive to light touch; unmylenated nerve endings: | Meissner's corpuscles |
| The mechanoreceptor that: detects deep pressure; rough & smooth textures: | Pacinian Corpuscles |
| The mechanoreceptor that: responds to pressure and texture: | Merke's discs |
| THe mechanoreceptor that: deeper in ski tissues; act as thermoreceptors: | Ruffini ending |
| Where to propioreceptors exist? | Joint capsules, muscles, tendons |
| Sense change in temperature in the skin, joint capsules, and ligaments: | Thermoreceptors |
| These are always scanning the system, making sure everything is running as it should: | Homeostatic Receptors |
| Where do afferents enter the spine? | Dorsal portion of the spinal nerve |
| Where does 2 point discrimination and propioception enter the spine? | Medial portion of the dorsal root |
| Where do pain signals enter the spine? | Lateral horn |
| Where do nocicpetion enter the spine? | Lateral portion of the dorsal root |
| The PRIMARY nociceptive pathway: | Spinothalamic tract |
| What type of pain is associated with the spinothalamic tract? | Discriminative pain (type of pain & location of pain) |
| In the spinothalamic tract where does temperature come from? | Lateral spinothalamic tract |
| In the spionothalamic tract where does crude touch come from? | Anterior/Ventral spionothalamic tract |
| In the spinothalamic tract where does pressure come from? | Anterior/Ventral spionothalamic tract |
| What is acute pain? | Sharp, localized, rapid onset, short duration, warning of tissue damage |
| What is referred pain? | Pain at a site remote from the source of pathology, usually visceral |
| What is persistent pain? | Recurrent or episodic pain, accompany reinjury, chronic condition |
| Assessment scales should include: | Severity, location, quality, non-verbal cues, mode, duration, provocative and relieving factors |
| Why should we assess sensation? | Determine location of loss, follow nerve damage, before using modalities, SAFETY |
| Where are ALL sensory neuron cell bodies? | In the dorsal root ganglia |
| What receptors respond to tonic activity? | Pacinian Corpuscles |
| Nerve fiber that fires in response to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli? | Nocicpetors |
| When do cold fibers being to fire to cold? | below 20 deg. C and above 45 deg C |
| It is common to lose _____ and ______ sense together. | Vibration, position |
| Propioceptors involve: | Muscle spindle, GTO, FNE, & Pacinian corpuscle |
| What type of test is: place a familiar object in the hand and have the patient tell you what it is | Stereoaugnosis |
| What type of test is: being able to tell where the pressure is being applied | Tactile Location |
| What type of test is: Place 2 objects of different weights in their hands and the pt identifies which one is heavier. | Barioaugnosis |
| What type of test is: recognizing a letter or design on any part of the body but especially in the hand | Graphesthesia |
| What type of test is:being able to recognize different textures | Texture |
Created by:
katem_35
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