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healing final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Describe heart failure | inability of the heart to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's need |
| Congestive heart faillure | left sided heart failure, the left ventricle cannot pump blood out of the body. Blood backs up into the left atrium, and eventually into the lungs. |
| what is the goal of treatment to both left and right sided heart failure | Increase the amount of blood that is pumped out of the heart |
| Nursing actions that may benefit patients with CHF | check wt at same time every day, report wt gain of more that 1kg every 24hrs utilize high fowlers position when sitting elevate legs while sitting |
| Essential Hypertension | NOT caused by an underlying condition |
| What 2 systems affect blood pressure regulation the most. | Cardiac and renal systems working together |
| what is a Homans sign | dorsiflexion of the foot creates calf pain and is a positive Homan's sign and indicates the presence of a DVT |
| A pt diagnosed with thrombophlebitis of the leg should be taught to avoid | crossing legs and ankles |
| Nosebleed, is it associated with the development of pneumonia | Epistaxis. No |
| Symptoms of pneumonia | febrile seizures coughing with thick green or yellow mucous crackles and decreased breath sounds |
| Asthma,bronchitis and emphysema are all examples of what? | COPD- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease these are all lung condition characterized by restricted airflow |
| what precautions should be used for pts with viral influenza | standard precautions droplet precautions |
| recommended flow rate of oxygen administration via nasal prongs for a pt with COPD | 2-3L/min |
| what is a CPAP machine | Continuous positive pressure machine |
| When can a CPAP be used by a pt | when recovering from surgery |
| Treatments for GERD | pharmacological- antacids, H2 blockers medical- losing t, elevating head of bed,avoiding alcohol and caffeine use medical- fundoplication |
| Crohns disease can be found in what parts of the GI tract | All parts of the GI tract |
| Ulcerative Colitis is found where | Colon only |
| what % of Crohns pts will undergo surgical proceures related to their crohns | 90% |
| what should a pt with Diverticulosis do to prevent development of Diverticulisis | increase dietary fiber and increase fluids |
| S/S of depression in the elderly are often confused with | other physical or social changes |
| Nursing intervention for elderly client experiencing anxiety from numerous simultaneous stimuli. | reduce noise level |
| elderly persons at most risk of falls are | those with osteoporosis those with impaired sensory function those with a history of previous falls |
| Risk factors for Hypertension | obesity smoking salt intake inactivity stress alcohol |
| What is blood pressure | Force produced in the arterial walls by the volume of blood in them |
| pt has thromboplebitis, should nurse massage affected limb | NO |
| Ways a person can get the flu even after having vaccine 1 week previous | vaccine takes 10-14 days to provide immunity acquired different strain than vaccine vaccine didnt stimulate a great enough reaction to build full immunity flu like symptoms from vaccine- not actual flu |
| ways nurse can maintain food intake in pt with chronic anorexia and nausea | provide food pt likes high calorie beverages small servings frequent servings eat in diningroom give supplements give anti emetics give appetite stimulants |
| explain why breathing stimulus in COPD is different from normal breathing stimulus | CO2 is normal stimulus. in copd pt O2 becomes stimulus.q |
| Symptoms of IBD- inflammatory bowel disease | abdominal pain diahrrea fatigue anorexia wt loss anemia melena electrolyte disturbance Lesions WBC and sed rate increase malnutrition |
| ways pt could decrease development or worsening of hemorrhoids | avoid straining for BM avoid prolonged sitting avoid constipation sitz baths hemorrhoid creams high fiber diet increased diet |
| factors that may contribute to the increase of depression in a person as they age | Multiple life losses ability to cope physically altered sensory functions incidence of illness chronic discomfort, i.e pain, appetite |
| actions that can promote mental health in older adult | encourage independence good nutrition meaningful activity socialization correct physical problem modify environment to compensate for deficits increase knowledge provide consistent care assist with ADLS encourage life history telling |
| 2 substances most often involved in problems associated with substance abuse in the elderly | alcohol and tobaco |
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