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Chapter 1
Nutrition
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why study nutrition? | 1. for our good 2. so can help others 3. its closely linked to many but not all diseases |
| Nutrients | substances found in food; used to provide energy, structure, growth regulation, or maintenance and repair of body tissues. |
| Classes of Nutrients | 1. Carbohydrates 2. Fat 3. Protein 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water |
| Essential Nutrients | those needed from outside body |
| Energy Yielding Nutrients | CHO (carb0 FAT PRO -can be burned(oxidized) by body cells to release calories (energy) |
| 1 kcal ( 1000 calories) | 1 kcal is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of water 1 degree C |
| 1 kjoule ( 1000 joules) | the amount of energy used when 1 kg is moved 1 meter by a force of 1 newton |
| CHO ( carb) | 4 kcal/gram |
| FAT | 9 kcal/gram |
| PRO | 4 kcal/gram |
| Alchohol | 7 kcal/gram |
| Noncaloric Nutrients | 1. Vitamins 2. Minerals 3. Water |
| Vitamins | -no kcals -complex organic molecules -easily destroyed by heat, light, chemicals -almost every cation requires vitamins |
| Minerals | -no kcals -simple, pure inorganic elements -indestructable, but lost in refining or cooking liquid |
| Water | -more essential than food -provides environment for almost all of the bodys activities |
| Nutrition research types | 1. Epidemiological Studies 2. Case Studies 3. Intervention Studies 4. Laboratory Studies |
| Epidemiological Studies | -observe populations -search for correlation between diet and disease |
| Case Studies | individual cases |
| Intervention Studies | -asks people to adopt a new behavior and/or diet -has control group |
| Laboratory Studies | -pinpoint causes and effects -faster results -less expensive -easier to control -can try whats unethical for humans |
| Control Group | Group in an experiment that has nothing changed |
| experimental group | group in an experiment that has something changed |
| Blind | In an experiment neither groups are told which one of them is the one being tested or not tested |
| double blind | researchers dont know which one of the groups is being tested or not tested |
| placebo | sugar pill |
| placebo effect | someone gets better by taking a placebo pill and not knowing because they think that the pill is supposed to make them better |
| 2.2 lbs | 1 kg |
| 1 oz. | 30 grams |
| 1 gram | 1 ml or cc |
| 1 kcal | 4.2 kJ |
| 1 inch | 2.54 cm |
| 1 quart | 1 liter |
| 1 tsp | 5 grams |
| 1 tbsp | 15 grams |
Created by:
frm1210
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