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OB 1 (NL pregnancy)
Step-2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the general tx strategies for squamous cell cancer of the vagina? | Stage 1 (<2cm): internal caviatry radiation, surgical excision. Stage 1(>2cm): external beam radiation. Stage 2,3,4: external beam radiation, +/- adjuvant therapy. |
| What term describes heavy bleeding during and between mentrual periods? | menometrorrhagia |
| What is the mc type of tracheoesophageal fistula? | esophageal atresia, distal esophagus connected to trachea |
| What is Naegele's rule for estimating delivery date? | LMP + 7 days - 3months + 1 year= estimated delivery date |
| Treat anemia in pregnancy with iron replacement when hgb falls below ____g/dL in the first or third trimesters or when less than ____g/dL in the second trimester. | 11, 10.5 |
| ______sign refers to the softening and cyanosis of the cervix at 6 weeks gestation. | Goodell's sign |
| ______sign refers to the bluish discoloration of the vagina due to vascular congestion at 8-12 weeks gestation. | Chadwick's sign |
| ______sign refers to the softening of the lower uterine segment at 6 weeks gestation. | Hegar's sign |
| How do b-hCG levels change during early pregnancy? | doubles every 48 hours |
| During pregnancy, an additional _____kcal/day is needed in the second trimester and _____kcal/day is needed in the third trimester. | 340 and 452 |
| Between what weeks gestation is a fetus most susceptible to teratogens and why? | 5-10 weeks gestation, during organogenesis. |
| What effect does pregnancy have on blood pH? What benefits does this have for the fetus? | causes mild respiratory alkalosis (with metabolic compensation). O2 trasnfered more readily from mom to fetus |
| How does the following parameter change during pregnancy: TSH | drops slightly |
| How does the following parameter change during pregnancy: BP | drops, then normalizes to pre-pregnancy levels by term |
| How does the following parameter change during pregnancy: cardiac output | increases by 40% |
| How does the following parameter change during pregnancy: ventilation | increases |
| What hormone contributes to glucose intolerance often seen in pregnancy? | Human placental lactogen (HPL) |
| How much iron is needed in prenancy? | 30mg/day |
| How much calcium is needed in pregnancy? | 1200mg/day |
| What minimum dose of folate is recommended to women of childbearing years to prevent NTD? | 400mcg/day |
| What is the recommendation for folate in women who have previously had a child with NTDs? | 4mg/day |
| What additional supplements should be given to complete vegetarians during pregnancy? | Vit D 400IU/day, Vit B12 2mcg/day |
| What supplements should be given to women on anticonvulsants during pregnancy? | folic acid, vit K (during the last month of pregnancy) |
| Where would you expect to find the uterus on physical exam at the following stage in pregnancy: 12 weeks | pubic symphysis |
| Where would you expect to find the uterus on physical exam at the following stage in pregnancy: 16 weeks | 1/2 way between pubic symphysis and umbilicus |
| Where would you expect to find the uterus on physical exam at the following stage in pregnancy: 20 weeks | umbilicus |
| Where would you expect to find the uterus on physical exam at the following stage in pregnancy: 20-36 weeks | weight in cm is equal to gestational age |
| What are the indications for percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS)? | In most cases fetal amniocentesis is sufficient and safer the PUBS. PUBS is preferred only for confirmation of anemia with possible trasnfusion. |
| Which vaccines are currently indicated in pregnancy? | tetanus q10 yrs, influenza annually, pneumococcal, meningococcal, and hep A & B. |
| Which vaccines are contraindicated in pregnancy? | MMR, Varicella, oral pollio |
| A fetus with trisomy 18 confirmed with the quadscreen will have changes in the following, describe those changes: AFP, hCG, Estriol, Inhibin A | decreased AFP, hCG, Estriol, and normal inhibin A |
| A fetus with trisomy 21 confirmed with the quadscreen will have changes in the following, describe those changes: AFP, hCG, Estriol, Inhibin A | Decreased AFP, increased hCG, decreased estriol, increased inhibin A. |
| How much weight should a woman with normal pre-pregnancy BMI gain during pregnancy? | ~25 pounds |
| What disorders can an increased nuchal trasnlucency indicate? | down syndrome, turner syndrome, congentital heart defects |
| When can amniocentesis for karyotype be performed? | Amnio can be performed after 16 weeks gestation |
| When can chorionic villus sampling be performed? | after 9 weeks gestation |
| Quad screen shows decreased AFP, decreased unconjugated estriol, elevated inhibin A and elevated b-hcg. WHat diagnosis do you suspect? | Downs syndrome or turner syndrome |
Created by:
shelybel
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