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VNSG 1227 Exam 1
Medication Administration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| opium and caster oil | 1600 BC |
| insulin | 1922 |
| Sulfanilamide | 1937 |
| penicillin | 1942 |
| The number and variety of drugs has increased wihtin the | past decade |
| who is legally responsible for safe and therapeutic effects of drugs | physicians, pharmacists, and nurses |
| who must be knowledgeable about possible drug interactions | The nurse |
| provides a chemical composition of the drug | chemical name |
| a name NOT protected by trademark | generic name |
| a name protected by a trademark | Trade name |
| for a drug to pass FDA approval and be marketed, it must meet standards in five areas | purity, potency, bioavailability, efficacy, and safety |
| treatment, palliation, diagnosis, cure, and prevention of disease | use for drugs |
| drugs with no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse example heroin and cocaine | Schedule one |
| drugs with a medical use and a high potential for abuse and/or dependence example morphine or demorall | Schedule two |
| drugs that are medically useful but with less potential for abuse example Valium | schedule three |
| drugs that are medically useful but with less potential for abuse than schedule 3 drugs | schedule four |
| drugs with medical use and low potential for abuse and that produce less physical dependence than do schedule four drugs example codine | schedule five |
| how drugs enter the body, are metabolized, reach their site of action, and are excreted | pharmacokinetics |
| rate determined by weight, age, sex, disease conditions, genetic factors, and immune mechanisms | Absorption |
| distribution to tissues and site of action depends on chemical and physical properties of drug and physical status of patient | distribution |
| skin, oral, and subcutaneous | slow absorption |
| mucous membranes and respiratory tract | quick absorption |
| Intramuscular | depends on the form of the drug |
| intravenous | most rapid absorption |
| begins when the drug reaches a minimum effective concentration level | onset |
| occurs when the highest blood or plasma concentration of the drug is achieved | Peak |
| length of time the drug exerts a pharmacologic effect | Duration |
| drugs that produce a response | Agonists |
| drugs that block a response | Antagonists |
| Stimulation, replacement, inhibition, and irritation | Four types of drug action |
| direct action on a receptor site | Stimulation or depression |
| injected insulin for people who do not produce their own | Replacement |
| action of an antibiotic when it blocks synthesis of the bacterial cell wall | Inhibition |
| such as that produced by a laxative on the colon wall, resulting in peristalsis and defecation | Irritation |
| speed up, reduce, or even prevent the absorption of the drug into the bloodstream | Food in the stomach can affect the drug |
| some drug actions are accentuated by other drugs | some drugs are incompatible with others |
| dosage for infants and children is based on | size, age, and weight |
| carried out until it is canceled by physician or prescribed number of doses has been given | Standing Order |
| an order written for when the patient requires it | PRN order |
| written for a drug to just be given the one time | one-time order |
| a single dose of a medication to be given without delay | stat order |
| know what medical condition is being treated with the drug and know the drug action and contraindications | applying the nursing process |
| drugs in large, multidose containers | Stock supply |
| use a portable cart with a drawer containing a 24 hour supply of drugs | unit dose systems |
| especially useful for delivery and control of narcotics and other scheduled drugs | Computer controlled dispensing system |
| the right drug, dose, route, time, and patient | five rights to administer medication |
| teach the patient about the drugs, take a complete drug history, assess the patient for drug interactions for other drugs or foods, and document each drug you give after giving it | The five rules of administering medication |
| basic unit of weight | Gram |
| basic unit of volume | Liter |
| basic unit of length | Meter |
| Kilo | 1000 |
| Deci | 0.1 |
| Centi | 0.01 |
| Milli | 0.001 |
| Micro | 0.000001 |
| 1 gram | 1000mg |
| 1mg | 1000mcg |
| 1L | 1000mL |
| 3 tsp | 1 tbsp |
| 2 tbsp | 1 oz |
| 8oz | 1 cup |
| 2 cups | 1 pint |
| 2 pints | 1 qt |
| 4 qt | 1 gallon |
| 16oz | 1lb |
| 1 tsp | 5mL |
| 3 tsp | 15mL |
| 1 tbsp | 15mL |
| 1 oz | 30mL |
| 1 cup | 240mL |
| 1qt | 1L |
| 2.2lbs | 1kg |
Created by:
nursekk
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