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VNSG 1227 Exam 1

Medication Administration

QuestionAnswer
opium and caster oil 1600 BC
insulin 1922
Sulfanilamide 1937
penicillin 1942
The number and variety of drugs has increased wihtin the past decade
who is legally responsible for safe and therapeutic effects of drugs physicians, pharmacists, and nurses
who must be knowledgeable about possible drug interactions The nurse
provides a chemical composition of the drug chemical name
a name NOT protected by trademark generic name
a name protected by a trademark Trade name
for a drug to pass FDA approval and be marketed, it must meet standards in five areas purity, potency, bioavailability, efficacy, and safety
treatment, palliation, diagnosis, cure, and prevention of disease use for drugs
drugs with no accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse example heroin and cocaine Schedule one
drugs with a medical use and a high potential for abuse and/or dependence example morphine or demorall Schedule two
drugs that are medically useful but with less potential for abuse example Valium schedule three
drugs that are medically useful but with less potential for abuse than schedule 3 drugs schedule four
drugs with medical use and low potential for abuse and that produce less physical dependence than do schedule four drugs example codine schedule five
how drugs enter the body, are metabolized, reach their site of action, and are excreted pharmacokinetics
rate determined by weight, age, sex, disease conditions, genetic factors, and immune mechanisms Absorption
distribution to tissues and site of action depends on chemical and physical properties of drug and physical status of patient distribution
skin, oral, and subcutaneous slow absorption
mucous membranes and respiratory tract quick absorption
Intramuscular depends on the form of the drug
intravenous most rapid absorption
begins when the drug reaches a minimum effective concentration level onset
occurs when the highest blood or plasma concentration of the drug is achieved Peak
length of time the drug exerts a pharmacologic effect Duration
drugs that produce a response Agonists
drugs that block a response Antagonists
Stimulation, replacement, inhibition, and irritation Four types of drug action
direct action on a receptor site Stimulation or depression
injected insulin for people who do not produce their own Replacement
action of an antibiotic when it blocks synthesis of the bacterial cell wall Inhibition
such as that produced by a laxative on the colon wall, resulting in peristalsis and defecation Irritation
speed up, reduce, or even prevent the absorption of the drug into the bloodstream Food in the stomach can affect the drug
some drug actions are accentuated by other drugs some drugs are incompatible with others
dosage for infants and children is based on size, age, and weight
carried out until it is canceled by physician or prescribed number of doses has been given Standing Order
an order written for when the patient requires it PRN order
written for a drug to just be given the one time one-time order
a single dose of a medication to be given without delay stat order
know what medical condition is being treated with the drug and know the drug action and contraindications applying the nursing process
drugs in large, multidose containers Stock supply
use a portable cart with a drawer containing a 24 hour supply of drugs unit dose systems
especially useful for delivery and control of narcotics and other scheduled drugs Computer controlled dispensing system
the right drug, dose, route, time, and patient five rights to administer medication
teach the patient about the drugs, take a complete drug history, assess the patient for drug interactions for other drugs or foods, and document each drug you give after giving it The five rules of administering medication
basic unit of weight Gram
basic unit of volume Liter
basic unit of length Meter
Kilo 1000
Deci 0.1
Centi 0.01
Milli 0.001
Micro 0.000001
1 gram 1000mg
1mg 1000mcg
1L 1000mL
3 tsp 1 tbsp
2 tbsp 1 oz
8oz 1 cup
2 cups 1 pint
2 pints 1 qt
4 qt 1 gallon
16oz 1lb
1 tsp 5mL
3 tsp 15mL
1 tbsp 15mL
1 oz 30mL
1 cup 240mL
1qt 1L
2.2lbs 1kg
Created by: nursekk
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