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Table 2.1

quiz

QuestionAnswer
a major component of both organic and inorganic molecules; as a gas, essential to the oxidation of glucose and other food fuels, during which cellular energy (ATP) is produced Oxygen, O
the primary elemental component of all organic molecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids Carbon, C
a component of most organic molecules; in ionic form, influences the pH of body fluids Hydrogen, H
a component of proteins and nucleic acids (genetic material) Nitrogen, N
found as a salt in bones and teeth; in ionic form, required for muscle contractions, neural transmission, and blood clotting Calcium, Ca
present as a salt, in combination with calcium, in bones and teeth; also present in nucleic acids and many proteins; forms part of the high-energy compound ATP Phosphorous, P
in its ionic form, the major intracellular cation, necessary for the conduction of nerve impulse and for muscle contractions Potassium, K
a component of proteins (particularly contractile proteins of muscle) Sulfur, S
as an ion, the major extracellular cation; important for water balance, conduction of nerve impulses, and muscle contraction Sodium, Na
in ionic form, a major extracellular anion Chlorine, Cl
present in bone; also an important cofactor for enzyme activity in a number of metabolic reactions Magnesium, Mg
needed to make functional thyroid hormones Iodine, I
a component of the functional hemoglobin molecule (which transports oxygen with red blood cells) and some enzymes Iron, Fe
What are the trace compounds? Chromium (Cr), Cobalt (Co), Copper (Cu), Fluorine (F), Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Selenium (Se), Silicon (Si), Tin (Sn), Vanadium (V), Zinc (Zn)
Created by: hannahhawkins
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