Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
BI 113 Chapter 1
Campbell Biology Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Biosphere | the whole part of the earth that is inhabited by life; the sum of all the earth's ecosystems |
| Ecosystem | The whole set of organisms in a particular area along with the nonliving factors with which those organisms interact; one or more than one community and the surrounding physical environment |
| Community | the whole set of organisms in a particular area; a group of populations of different species that live closely enough that they can potentially interact with one another |
| Population | A set of individual organisms of the same species that reside in one area and interbreed, yielding fertile offspring |
| Organism | a living thing |
| Organ system | A set of organs that are physically or functionally related, e. g. mouth, stomach, and large intestine forming part of the digestive system |
| Tissues | made up of a group of cells that work together and perform a specialized function |
| Cells | life's fundamental unit of structure and function |
| Organelles | the various functional components present in cells |
| Molecules | a chemical structure consisting of two or more atoms |
| Reductionism | The reduction of complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study |
| Systems biology | An approach to studying biology that aims to model the dynamic behavior of whole biological systems |
| evolution | the idea that living species are descendants of ancestral species that were different from the present-day ones |
| evolution; define more narrowly | the change in the genetic composition of a population from generation to generation (descent with modification) |
| biology | the scientific study of life |
| emergent properties | new properties that arise with each step upward in the hierarchy of life, owing to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases |
| global climate change | increase in temperature and change in weather patterns all around the planet, due mostly to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels from the burning of fossil fuels (*global warming) |
| eukaryotic cell | a type of cell with a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles |
| prokaryotic cell | a type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles |
| DNA | a double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule, consisting of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine |
| Of what is DNA capable? | of being replicated and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins |
| genes | a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA |
| gene expression | the process by which information encoded in DNA directs the synthesis of proteins or, in some cases, RNAs that are not translated into proteins and instead function as RNAs |
| genome | The genetic material of an organism or virus; the complete complement of an organism's or virus's genes along with its noncoding nucleic acid sequences. |
| bioinformatics | the use of computers, software, and mathematical models to process and integrate biological information from large data sets |
| genomics | the study of whole sets of genes and their interactions within a species, as well as genome comparisons between species |
| negative feedback | a form of regulation in which accumulation of an end product of a process slows the process |
| positive feedback | a form of regulation in which an end product of a process speeds up that process |
| bacteria | unicellular, have a plasma membrane, but do not have a nucleus or internal organelles; nearly ubiquitous |
| archaea | unicellular; domain includes many species that thrive in extreme environments of high saltiness, high temperature, or low pH |
| eukarya | cells have membrane-bounded nucleus and organelles |
| natural selection | A process in which individuals that have certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other individuals because of those traits. |
| science | An approach to understanding the natural world. |
| inquiry | The search for information and explanation, often focusing on specific questions. |
| data | Recorded observations |
| inductive reasoning | A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large number of specific observations. |
| hypothesis | A testable explanation for a set of observations based on the available data and guided by inductive reasoning; narrower in scope than a theory. |
| deductive reasoning | A type of logic in which specific results are predicted from a general premise. |
| controlled experiment | An experiment in which an experimental group is compared with a control group that varies only in the factor being tested. |
| theory | An explanation that is broader in scope than a hypothesis, generates new hypotheses, and is supported by a large body of evidence. |
| model organism | A particular species chosen for research into broad biological principles because it is representative of a larger group and usually easy to grow in a lab. |
| technology | The application of scientific knowledge for a specific purpose, often involving industry or commerce but also including uses in basic research. |
| gene expression includes... | the production of proteins and functional DNA molecules |
Created by:
1440516165
Popular Biology sets