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Enzymes

Structure & function of enzymes

QuestionAnswer
Globular proteins A primary sequence of amino acids, coiled into an alpha helix and then rolled up into a ball or sphere
Importance of ionic,hydrogen and sulphide bonds in globular proteins Holds the globular protein shape together
Active Site The part of the enzyme that binds to the substrate
Substrate The substance that the enzyme will react with
Enzyme Specificity Refers to the fact that each enzyme can only bind & react with one particular substrate
Induced fit Intimate relationship formed between the active site of the enzyme and the correct substrate
'Lock & Key' Reference to the fact that the enzyme acts as a lock which only the correct substrate will fit
Catalyst Alters the rate of a reaction (speed it up) without being changed itself
Co-factor An organic or inorganic substance that is needed to make an enzyme work
Co-enzyme An organic co-factor, often bound on to the enzyme
Inhibitor A substance that reduces the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction
Competitive Inhibition When a substrate which structurally similar to the correct substrate competes with it for the active site of the enzyme, slowing down the rate of the reaction
Non Competitive Inhibition Caused when a substance binds to the enzyme somewhere other than the active site and deactivates the enzyme
Activation energy The amount of energy needed to get a reaction started. This is reduced by the presence of the appropriate enzyme
Optimum conditions The environmental factors necessary for an enzyme to work at its fastest rate
Created by: stu-darke
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