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HCTA MedTerm Q4b
HCTA MedTerm Quiz 4b Cardiac Terms Ch 4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atrium | upper chambers |
| endo/cardium | inner chamber membrane/lining |
| epicardium | Outer membrane of Heart |
| interatrial septum | partition b/w R & L Atriums of Heart |
| interventricular septum | partiton b/w R &L Ventricules |
| myocardium | heart muscle |
| pericardium | protective sac filled w/ fluid surrounding heart |
| visceral pericardium | layer of pericardium that is closest to the heart |
| parietal pericardium | outter layer of the pericardium |
| pericardial cavity | cavity of pericardium that is filled w/ fluid |
| mitral valve = bicuspid | valve b/w left Atrium & left Ventricle |
| aortic valve | valve b/w L Ventricle & Aorta |
| pulmonary semilunar valve | valve from R Ventricle to Pulmonary artery |
| Tricuspid valve | valve b/w R Atrium & R Ventricle |
| arteries | carries blood away from heart |
| vein | carries blood to the heart |
| aorta | large artery (main trunk) branching from Left Ventricle (Oxigenated blood going to body) |
| diastole | to expand, blood enters heart, heart is relaxed while filling, lower pressure number |
| systole | heart contracting, blood is being ejected to body, higher pressure number |
| normotension | normal BP |
| hypotension | low BP |
| Hypertension | HTN: High BP |
| sinoatrial node (SA node) | Pace Maker cells in R Atrium |
| Atrioventricular Node (AV node) | Amp's signal from SA node, sent heart |
| Bundle of His | Neurological Fibers from AV note to R & L Ventricles to Purkinje Fibers on outside of Heart |
| Purkinje Fibers | Ventricle wall nerve fibers that fire causing heart to contract |
| polarization | firing of nerve fibers causing contraction |
| RePolarization | Recharging of nerve fibers, resting state |
| Normal Sinus Rhythm | NSR: cycle of heart normal (60-100 bpm) |
| aneurysm | widening/bulging vessels or heart wall |
| saccular aneurysm | sac-like bulge of vessel |
| fusiform aneurysm | spindle shaped bulge |
| dissecting aneurysm | split/tear of vessel |
| angina pectoris | chest pain, deox heart muscle |
| arteriosclerosis | thickening, loss of elasticity, & calcification of arterial walls |
| atheromatous plaque | swollen area w/in lining of artery caused by lipid build up |
| claudication | to limp, pain in limb, deox blood in calf muscle... |
| constriction | compression causing narrowing (stenosis) |
| diaphoresis | profuse sweating (perspiration) |
| embolus | Clot carried in bloodstream that obstructs flow of blood when lodged |
| heart murmur | abnormal sound caused by chamber/valves |
| infarct | to Stuff, local Necrosis |
| ischemia | decreased blood flow to tissue, deox |
| Occlusion | Plugging/Obstruction |
| Stenosis | Narrowing |
| Thrombus | Stationary blood clot |
| vegetation | to grow (abnormal) |
| Atrial Septal Defect | ASD: opening b/w (in the septum) the Atriae |
| Coarctation of the Aorta | Narrowing of descending Aorta, limits flow to lower body |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus | PDA: opening b/w pulmonary artery and aorta (usually closes after birth) |
| Ventricular Septal Defect | VSD: Opening in septum separating ventricles |
| Sudden Cardiac Arrest | SCA: abrupt cessation of cardiac output (CO) |
| deep vein thrombosis | DVT: clot deep in vein (femoral or iliac veins) |
| Thrombophlebitis | inflammation of a vein associated w/ clot formation |
| auscultation | exam method listening to sounds of heart and body with stethoscope |
| gallop | abnorm sound of valves during ventricular contraction that sounds like a gallop of a horse |
| ECG or EKG | electrocardiogram |
| Holter ambulatory monitor | portable EKG worn by Pt. for 24 hours |
| Intracardiac Electrophysiological Study | EPS: invasive catheter electrodes W/in heart maps electrical conduction of heart |
| intracardiac catheter ablation | radiofrequency waves sent through catheter within heart to treat arrhythmias, selectively destroying myocardial tissue to generate normal electrical path |
| magnetic resonance angiography | MRA: immaging heart & vessels |
| Multiple-gated acquisition scan | MUGA: nuclear image of beating heart w/radio active isotope injection |
| Myocardial radionuclide perfusion scan | Scan of Heart w/IV injection of Thallim isotope abs by cells to evaluate CAD (coronary arterydisease). |
| Ventriculogram | X-ray of ventricles |
| Stroke Volume | Blood vol. ejected from heart ventricles after contraction |
| cardiac output | CO: meas. blood ejected per minute from either ventricle (only one) |
| ejection fraction | percent volume ejected from left ventrical compared to total amout filling left ventricle in diastole |
| transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) | echocardiogram of heart after ultrasonic transducer inside esophagus |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) | Blood vessel grafting to bypass occuded RCA or LAD (right coronary artery & Left anterior descending artery) |
| anastomosis | opening, joining of two blood vessels to allow flow |
| endarterectomy | surgical removal of lining of artery to clear blockage |
| Percutaneous Coronary Intervention | PCI: Tx intervention of coronary artery disease (CAD) performed at time of catheterization in specialized lab, not OR |
| Atherectomy | Escision of atheromatous paque from w/in artery using catheter to cut/pulverize tissue buildup |
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty | PTCA: Tx's narrowing of coronary artery using balloon catheter |
| ICD | implantable cardioverter defibrillator |
Created by:
HCTA
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