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ODSC 5A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| I. Structure of glands | |
| Development | Epithelium tissue penetrates into the underlying tissue and forms a exocrine gland |
| Gland structure 2 parts | parenchyma, stoma |
| 1. Parenchyma | secretory ducts |
| 2. Stroma | connective tissue |
| II. Secretory products of epithelia | |
| Made intacellularly by | macromolecular synthesis |
| Stored in vesicles called | secretory granules |
| III. Two Major groups of glands | classified by method of distribution |
| Exocrine | (exits)secrete products via ducts |
| Endocrine | (d for duckless)ductless, secrete directly into blood or lymphatic vesseles |
| Products Stored in | parenchymal cells |
| Secrete | peptide, proteins, steroids |
| Both exo/endo glands are | pancrease ovary and testes |
| Endocrine Glands(duckless) | |
| Thyriod | store its secretory substance in the lumina of follicles |
| When hormones need to be released | they are endocytosed and cleaved by lysosomes |
| Suprarenal glands | secretory cells are arranged around capillaries |
| Hormone is stored | intracellularly and released with signal |
| Pancrease | both exo and endo secretions |
| Endocrine cells are called | Islets of langerhans |
| Exocrine cells are | acini |
| Pituitary | ?? |
| IV. Signaling Molecules | |
| Cytokines | act on specific target cells with receptors |
| Autocrine | (asexual itself) acts on itself |
| Paracrine | (proxy nearby)acts on cells in vicinity |
| Endocrine | acts on cells far away |
| V. Secretory pathways | |
| Constitutive | (continuous) continuous release of secretory prodcuts |
| Regulated | concentrated and stored molecules are released only after signal is received |
| VI. Classifications exocrine glands based on TYPE of secretion | |
| Three types of exocrine glands | mucous, serous, mixed |
| 1. Mucous glands | lubricant called mucin (mucus) |
| Has | goblet cells and salivary |
| 2. Serous glands | enzyme rich watery fluid (from pancreas) |
| 3. Mixed | both mucous and serous |
| Ex | submandibular salivary glands have BOTH |
| VII. Classification based on MODE of secretion | |
| Holocrine | (hail disintergrates)cells disintegrate and release contents |
| Merocrine | cell release by exocytosis (parotid gland) |
| Apocrine | (Ap apinch)secretes by pinching off portion of cell (lactating) |
| VIII. Morphological of Exocrine glands | |
| 1. Unicellular | simplest |
| Goblet cells | found in digestive and respiratory epithelium and protects epithelial lining |
| 2. Multicellular | clusters of cells |
| Simple | do not branch |
| Complex/Compound | ducts branch and look like clovers |
| IX. Brief description | |
| Sweat glands | simple coiled tubular glands, duct traverses the dermis and epidermis to open as a sweat pore |
| Subaceous glands | appendages of hair follicles that secrete a waxy product to coat hair shaft and skin |
| X. Salivary glands | |
| 1. Myoepithelial cells (basket cells) | surround the secretary cell |
| Rich in | actin and myosin |
| They contract to help | release of secretory product into ducts |
| 2. Intercalated duct | cuboidal epithelium |
| Excretory ducts | stratified cubiodal and changes to columnar |
| Main duct | stratified squamous epithelium, empties to oral cavity |
| 3. Intralobular(striated duct) | radial striations, and ion transport |
Created by:
mcap
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