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Ch 2-Basic Chemistry
key terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Isotope | One of several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus different in atomic mass. Ex) Carbon |
| Potential Energy | The energy that matter possesses as a result of its location or spatial arrangement(structure) |
| Kinetic Energy | The energy associated with the relative motion of objects. Moving matter can perform work by imparting motion to other matter. |
| Covalent Bond | A type of strong chemical bond in which two atoms share one or more pairs of valence electrons. |
| Ionic Bond | A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions. |
| Structural Formula | A type of molecule notation in which the constituent atoms are joined by lines representing covalent bonds. |
| Molecular Formula | A type of molecular notation representing the quantity of constituent atoms, but not the nature of the bonds that join them. |
| Nonpolar Bond | A type of covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar electronegativity. |
| Polar Bond | A covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. The shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive. |
| Hydrogen Bond | A type of weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule. |
| Electronegativity | The attraction of a given atom for the electrons of a covalent bond. |