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Abdomen
ch 20
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| order of examination | inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation |
| aortic pulsation | in norm build pt non exaggerated pulsation may be visible in epigastric area, may not be visible in heavy pt |
| strong epigastric pulsations indicate | aortic aneurysm |
| for auscultation place stethoscope | diaphram lightly on RLQ |
| bowel sounds are heard as | intermittent gurgling or clicking |
| borborygmi | loud audible sounds, may be early bowel obstruction |
| auscultation of high pitched tinkling hyperactive bowel sounds indicates | partial obstruction |
| hypoactive bowel sounds can occur | with bowel manipulation during surgery, late bowel obstruction, inflamm, necrosis, electrolyte imbalances |
| absent bowel sounds may indicate | peritonitis or paralytic ilieus |
| bell listens for | vascular sounds, abdominal aorta, renas A, illiace A, femoral A |
| predominant sound with percussion | tympany ( due to air in stomach and intestines), sounds like hollow drum |
| heard over spleen, liver, distended bladder, feces, solid mass | dullness |
| dullness heard where tympany should be is | abnormal |
| percussion is performed | in a zig zag |
| light palpation | 1-2 cm |
| using lt palpation should be | soft, nontender, no masses, no guarding, bladder shouldnt be palpable |
| deep palpation | asseses organs, 3-4cm |
| RUQ | liver, gallbladder, pylorus, duodenum, head of pancreas, R adrenal gland, portoin of R kidney, portions of ascending and transverse colon |
| LUQ | L lobe of liver, spleen, stomach, body of pancreas, L adrenal gland, portion of L kidney, portions of transverse and descending colon |
| RLQ | lower pole of R kidney, cecum, appendix, portion of ascending colon, bladder (if distended), R ovary, salpinx, uterus (if enlarged), R spermatic cord, R ureter |
| LLQ | lower pole of L kidney, sigmoid colon, portion of descending colon, bladder (if distended), L ovary, salpinx, uterus (if enlarged), L spermatic cord, L ureter |
| bruits over aorta suggest | aneurysm |
| venous hum | low pitch continuous noise over umbilicus, rare and associated with portal hypertension and cirrhosis |
| murphys sign | pt experiences pain and stops inhaling during palpation |
| bruit may indicate | turbulent blood flow caused by narrowing of blood vessel |
| rigidity in palpation associated with | peritoneal irriation and may be diffuse or localized |
| abnormal findings with palpation | masses that descend during inspiratioin, lateral pustile masses (abdominal aoritc aneurysm), laterally mobile masses and fixed masses |
Created by:
ashley0683
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