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ch 1 microbiology
main themes of micro
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Microbiology | specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be sen without magnification |
| microscopic organisms | microorgaisms, microbes, or several other terms depending on the kind of microbe or the purpose |
| microorganisms we will be studing | bacteria algae protozoa, helminths parasitic invertebrate animals such as worms and fungi |
| viruses | noncellular parasitic protein coated genetic elements dependent on their infected host |
| eukaryotic | true nucleus, earlier ones were more complex single celled organism, eventually forming multicellular organisms such as humans |
| prokaryotes | first inhabitants bacteria have no true nucleus |
| ubiquitous | present everywhere at the same time |
| evolution | the accumulation of changes that occur in organisms as they adapt to their enviroments |
| theory of evolution | well studied and well established natural phenomena that has undergone years and years of testing and not been disproven. The evidence cited to explain evolution |
| photosynthesis | light fueled conversion of carbon dioxide to organci material accompanied by the formation of oxygen |
| medical microbiology | deals with microbes that cause diseases in humans and animals. researchers examine factors that make the microbes virulent and mechanisms for inhibiting them |
| public health micro and epidemiology | monitor and control the spread of diseases in communities. |
| immunology | studies complex web of protective substances and cells produced in response to infection. includes vaccination blood testing and allergy |
| industrial | safeguards our food and water and also includes biotechnology the use of microbial metabolism to arrive at a desired roduct ranging from bread making to gene therapy. Microbes can be used to create olarge quantites of substances such as amino acids, beer, |
| agricultural microbiology | relations between microbes and domesticated plants and animals. |
| plant specialist | focus on plant diseases soil fertility and nutritional interactions |
| animal specialists | focus with infectious diseases and other associations animals have with microorganisms |
| enviromental micb | study the effect of microbes on earth's diverse habitats. |
| aquatic micro | study of earths water |
| soil micro | study of microbes in terrestrial parts of the planets |
| geomicrobiology | the study of microbes in the earths crust |
| astrobiology | search/study of microbial and other life in places off of our planet |
| decomposition | breakdown of dead matter and wstes into simle comunds that can be directed back into natural cycles of living things |
| genetic engineering | biotechnology that manipulates the genetics of microbes, plants, and animals for the purpose of creating new roducts and geneticlally modified organisms (GMO) |
| recombinant DNA technology | transfer of genetic material from one organism to another and to deliberately alter DNA |
| bioremediation | process involves the introduction of microbes into the environment to restore staility or to clen up toxic pollutants |
| pathogens | any agent that causes disease |
| organelles | small double membrane bound structures in the eukaryotic cell that perform specific functions and include the nucleus mitochondria and chloroplasts |
| parasites | make up small portion of microbes cause harm to host and are harboured and nourished by host |
| host | organis in which smaller organisms or viruses live feed and reproduce |
| virion or virus particle | individual extacellular state of virus |
| aseptic techniques | reducing microbes in a medical setting and preventing wound infections |
| germ theory of disease | pasteur studies that showed humann diseases could arise from infection |
| nomenclature | a set system for scientifically naming organisms enzymes anatomical structures and so on |
| taxonomy | science of naming things |
| taxa | taxonomical categories first created by carl von linne |
| binomial system of nomenclature | assignming a scientific or specific name the scientific name is always combined of the generic name followed by the species name generic is capitalized and species part begins with a lowercase letter |
| taxonomic categories top to bottom | domain, kingdom, phylum or division ( phylum baceria, protozoa and animals and division is for algae plants and fungi), class,, order, family, genus, and species |
| hierarchies | levels of power arrangement in order of rank |
Created by:
cckittyus
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