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Biology - Five
Biology - Chapter Five
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In living cells, the elements present in the greates amounts are oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and | carbon |
| Water is an example of a (an)______ compound | inroganic |
| Stomach contents are acidified by the compound ___________ acid | hydochloric |
| Living plant and animal cells make __________ compounds | organic |
| In living cells the elements carbon and ____ are found in chemical combination | hydrogen |
| The special __________ property of carbon permits it to form long chains or rings | bonding |
| Carbohydrates include all ________ and sugars | starches |
| Carbohydrates contain the elements carbon, hydrogen, and | oxygen |
| Single sugars are classified as | monosoccharides |
| Double sugars are classified as | disaccharides |
| Glucose is an example of a _____ sugar | single |
| Complex carbohydrates are known as | polysaccharides |
| The parts of plants in which cellulose is found are the | cell walls |
| Maltose is an example of a _________ sugar | double |
| Dehydration synthesis indicates that _____ is formed when molecules are chemically joined | water |
| Maltase is an example of a (an) | enzyme |
| Glycoproteins are compounds made from ________ and proteins | carbohydrates |
| The word sythesize means ________ together chemically | join |
| Glycerol and fatty acids form organic compounds known as | lipids |
| In carbohydrate molecules the ratio of hydrogen to carbon is | 2:1 |
| The compounds specialized for passing hereditary information from one generation to the next are the _______ acids | nucleic |
| The initials DNA stand for | deoxynucleic acid |
| Compounds known as __________ control the chemical work of the cell | enzymes |
| A catalyst controls the ______ of a chemical reaction | rate |
| Ribonucleic acid functions in the building of | protein |
| The ending -ase is used for the names of | enzymes |
| Glucose and fructose are examples of | single sugars |
| Amino acids are correctly associated with the compounds known as | proteins |
| Polypeptides are correctly associated with the compounds known as | proteins |
| When two amino acids are joined together, the compound formed is a | dipeptide |
| Substances that block the action of enzymes are known as | poisons |
| In solutions, pH is a measure of the | acidity |
| A base or alkali releases ions of | OH |
| On the pH scale the neutral reading is | 7 |
| Maltase is best classified as a (an) | enzyme |
| The most abundant organic compounds in the body are | proteins |
| Carbohydrates are used by cells as sources of | energy |
| Glycerol and fatty acids join to form | lipids |
| All of the processes by which cells produce usable energy are know collectively as | respiration |
| ATP molecules are best associated with the | storage of energy |
| Anaerobic respiration takes place in the | cytoplasm of cells |
| Aerobic respiration takes place in the | mitochondriA |
| As the result of anearobic respiration, glucose is converted into | pyruvic acid |
| During oxidative phosphorylation, hydrogen ions join with oxygen to form | water |
| The function of ATP molecules is the storage of | energy |
| Another term for glycolysis is | anearobic respiration |
| The Krebs ciric acid results in the formation of molecules of | ATP |
| The carboxyl group is best associated with molecules of | amino acid |
| A formula that shows the bonding and location of elements in a molecule is known as a (an) | structural formula |
| Organic catalysts are | enzymes |
| Most of the activities of the cell involve __________ changes | chemical |
| Sulfur and sodium are found in _______ quantities in the cell | small |
| Living cells synthesize ________ compounds | organic |
| Inorganic compounds _____ have the elements carbon and hydrogen in chemical combination | do not |
| Nucleic acads are ___________ compounds | organic |
| In cells, the elements hydrogen and oxygen are present in the ratio of _________ | 2:1 |
| Fructose, the sugar in fruit, is best classified as a ___________ sugar | single |
| Maltose is best classified as a ______ sugar | double |
| Cellulose is used in the structure of plant cell | walls |
| Polypeptides are formed by the chemical joining of a number of ______ groups | amino |
| Enzymes control the ________ of chemical reaction | rate |
| Pure water has a reading of ____ on the pH scale | 7 |
| Substances with reading between 8 and 14 are ________ on the pH scale | basic or alkaline |
| The term turnover number refers to the speed with which ___________ work | enzymes |
| Denaturing _________ the functino of protein molecules | decreases |
| On the pH scale, sour milk would have a reading between | 4 and 6 |
| pH ____________ no influence over enzyme activity | has |
| The substance upon which an enzyme works is the | substrate |
| The induced fit hypothesis explains the __________ of enzymes | specificity |
| When molecules of ADP accept energy, they are upgraded to ____ molecules | ATP |
| The Krebs citric acid cylce is the _______ phase of respiration | aerobic |
| Emil Fisher use the "lock and key" analogy to explain the relationship between ________ and ______________ | substrate and enzyme |
| Fuel molecules provide cells with | energy |
| Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen are best described as __________ compounds | elements |
Created by:
rentoria
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