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DES Acid Base Bal

Acid-Base Balance Saunders NCLEX-RN #4

QuestionAnswer
Primary Buffers extracellular fluid Carbonic acid-bicarbonate system
Hemoglobin system - buffers Chloride shift for each chloride ion that leaves a RBC, a bicarbonate ion enters...vise versa
Plasma protein system - buffers with liver to ary the amount of H+ ions in plasma proteins
Carbonic acid-bicarbonate system - buffers pH of 7.4 20:1 bicarb to carbonic acid. Controlled by excreation of CO2 by lungs. Kidneys regulate bicarb concentration
Phosphate buffer system - buffers present in cells, body fluids, and esp kidneys. acts like bicarb and neutralizes excess hydrogen ions.
Lungs in buffering Acidosis increase in rate and depth - exhale acids
Lungs in buffering Alkalosis decrease in rate and depth - retain CO2 - carbonic aci increases to neutralize and decrease bicarb strength and excess
Duration of lung buffering 10-30 seconds
Kidney buffering Best function of balancing disturbances. Slow - hrs to days.
Potassium buffering H+ into cell = K+ out of cell & vise versa. Acidosis - H+ in. Alkalosis - H+ out
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