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Stack #97015

Immune Response Microbiology

QuestionAnswer
Activation of the immune response typically begins when a pathogen enters the body.
ingests, processes and displays the antigen fragments on their cell surfaces macrophages
Secretes interleukin-2 T-helper cells
Causes the proliferation of certain cytoxic T cells and b cells Interleukin-2
Capable of recognizing the antigen displayed on the surfaces of infected cells, bind to the infected cells and produce chemicals that kill the infected cell. T Cells
When B cells become activated by T-helper cells, they differentiate into plasma cells
Antibody-producing factories, flooding the bloodstream with antibodies that can bind to the antigen involved in this infection plasma cells
Some of the B cells do not turn into antibody factories, but instead become memory B cells that may survive for decades.
Contains lysozyme and proteases which digest bacteria lysosomes
Phagocytes are not attracted to lysosomes
Lysosomes help to digest material that has been phagocytized
In phagocytosis the digested contents are elimated by exocytosis
A lysosome is an organelle found inside the phagocyte that contains digestive enzymes
The primary infection-fighting blood cells. They are WBC's Leukocytes
Granulocytes A mature leukocyte, such as neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils
Neutrophils An active phagocytic cell in bacterial infection .
Basophils Binds IgE. The granules contain mediators of anaphylaxis and atopy.
Eosinophils A granular leukocyte example
Lymphocytes The second most common form of WBC
Macrophages A WBC derived from a monocyte that leaves the circulation and enters tissues. These cells are important in nonspecific phagocytosis and in regulating, stimulating, and cleaning up after immune responses.
Antibodies A large protein molecule evoked in response to an antigen that interacts specifically with that antigen
Humoral immunity Protective molecules (mostly B lymphocytes) carried in the fluids of the body.
Cell-mediated immunity The type of immune responses brought about by T cells, such as cytotoxic, suppressor, and helper effects.
Chemotaxis The tendency of organisms to move in response to a chemical gradient (toward an attractant or to avoid adverse stimuli).
The system of vessels and organs that serve as sites for development of immune cells and immune reactions. Lymphatic system; includes spleen, thymus, lymph nodes and GALT
The butterly-shaped organ near the tip of the sternum that is the site of T-cell maturation. Thymus
GALT means gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Includes Peyer's patches.
Small molecules that are released during inflammation and specific immune reactions that allow communication between the cells of the immune system and facilitate surveillance, recognition and attack. Chemical mediators
A chemical substance produced by wbc's and tissue cells that regulates development, inflammation, and immunity. Cytokines
Purulent refers to a pus-like condition. This matter is formed by an inflammatory infection. It consists of serum exudate, tissue debris, leukocytes and microorganisms.
A type of endocytosis in which the cell membrane actively engulfs large particles or cells into vesicles Phagocytosis
Can regulate a variety of immune reactions. Produced by lymphocytes. It can block viral replication. A naturally occurring polypeptide Interferon (IFN)
In immunology, serum protein components that act in a definite sequence when set in motion either by an antigen-antibody complex or by factors of the alternative pathway. Complement (system)
Created by: tamiboren
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