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FON-Resp.-Repro.
Respiratory through Reproductive
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name some age-related changes of the Respiratory System | -tissues of lungs/bronchi become less elastic/more rigid -ribs less mobile -rigidity and stiffness of the tharacic cage due to osteoporosis/calcification of cartilage |
| Lung expansion and vital capacity are decreased due to... | Weak muscles associated with respiration |
| Abnormal curve in the upper spine | Kyphosis |
| Name a common respiratory condition in older adults | COPD |
| What technique will assist to empty lungs of used air | pursed-lip breathing |
| Assessment of Respirations for older adults... | -depth, rate, rhythm of respiration -inspect chest shape -breath sounds -amount of activity one can tolerate -presence of cough |
| Interventions for Respirations for older adults... | -liquefying secretions (intake of fluids/meds) -assisting removal of secretions by teaching coughing techniques and turning/deep breathing for improved airway clearance and gas exchange |
| Name some age-related changes of the Musculoskeletal System | -gradual reduction in the number/size of active muscle fibers -decreased muscle tone, mass, and strength -joints become less elastic and flexible due to loss and calcification of cartilage |
| Narrowing of the invertebral spaces results in how much loss of height | 1 1/2 to 3 inches |
| Noninflammatory disorder where the cartilage in the joints deteriorate and new bone forms on the surface | Osteoarthritis |
| Another name for Osteoarthitis | Degenerative joint disease |
| Assessment of the Musculoskeletal System for older adults... | -assess joints (ROM), stiffness and limitation of movement, edema/erythema, pain and crepitus -assess standing and gait -assess state of muscles (weakness, tremors, ect.) -pain scale 0 to 10 -history of falls, injuries, surgeries |
| Name some age-related changes of the Endocrine System | -Levels of hormones decrease -thyroid disturbances, especially hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus |
| Assessment of the Endocrine Sysytem for older adults... | Assess laboratory results and report abnormal calcium, glucose, and thyroid hormone levels |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus is... | characterized as the body's inability to produce and utilize insulin appropriately |
| Percentage of adults with type 2 DM | 85% to 90% |
| The presence of abnormal sensation, numbness,and burning sensations in the extremities | Peripheral Neuropathy |
| How often would one inspect their feet for blisters, cuts, or infection | Daily |
| Name two signs linked to hypothyroidism | 1)chest pain 2)high triglycerides |
| Name some age-related changes of the Reproductive System | -diminished levels of male and female hormones -diminished sexual function --men = erectile dysfunction --women = inability to procreate, tissue atrophy of ovaries, fallopian tubes, cervix, and vulva; decreased amount of vaginal secretions |
| What is the result of decreased vaginal secreations | pH becomes more alkaline |
| Assessment of the Reproductive System for older adults... | -assess history: experiences/difficulties as well as STD's -assess signs for ulceration, edema, or discharge -assess for lumps, dimpling, or drainage from breast -assess for information on alternative sexual orientation |
| To assist with vaginal dryness, use... | estrogen creams or water-soluble lubricants |
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