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Ryan Moran's Biology
Stack #96924
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Includes the facts that 1.) all living things are composed of one or more cells, 2.) cells are the basic units of structure and function in an organism, and 3.) cells come only from the reproduction of existing cells | Cell Theory |
| The smallest unit of matter that can carry on all of the processes of life | Cell |
| A cell component that performs specific functions for the cell | Organelle |
| The lipid bilayer that froms the outer boundary of a cell | Cell Membrane |
| In a eukaryotic cell, the organelle that contains most of the DNA and directs most of the cell's activities | Nucleus |
| A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles | Eukaryote |
| A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. | Prokaryote |
| A membrane that keeps out some molecules but allows other to pass through | Selectively Permeable Membrane |
| A protein attached to the interior or external surface of the cell membrane | Peripheral Proteins |
| A protein imbedded in the bilayer of the cell membrane | Integral Proteins |
| A model of cell membrane structure representing the dynamic nature of membrane lipids and proteins | Fluid Mosaic Model |
| The organelle that is the site of aerobic repiration in eukaryotic animal cells | Mitochondria |
| A fold of the inner membrane of the mitochondria | Crista |
| The organelle that functions in the synthesis of proteins | Ribosome |
| A system of membranous tubules and sacs in eukaryotic cells that functions as a path along which molecules move from one part of the cell to another | Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| The portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that contains attached ribosomes; an organelle that is used in the modification and packaging of proteins | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| The portion of the endoplasmic reticulum that lacks attached ribosomes; an organelle used in the control of calcium levels, the synthesis of steroids, and in the liver, the breakdown of toxic substances | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| A system of membranes in eukaryotic cells that modifies proteins for export by the cell | Golgi Apparatus |
| An organelle containing digestive enzymes, existing primarily in animal cells | Lysosome |
| A network of long protein strands in the cytosol that helps maintain the shape and size of a eukaryotic cell | Cytoskeleton |
| A polymer chain of the protein actin; the smallest strand in the cytoskeleton | Microfilaments |
| A hollow tube of protein that constitutes the largest strand in the cytoskeleton | Microtubules |
| One of the two protein filaments in a muscle cell that functions in contraction | Actin |
| One of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell; assists in the movement of chromosomes | Spindle Fiber |
| Many short, hairlike organelle that extend from a cell and functions in locomotion or in the movement of substances across the cell surface. | Cilium |
| Usually one or two hairlike structures made up of microtubules that function in locomotion | Flagellum |
| The nuclear skeleton, a shape-maintaining protein | Nuclear Matrix |
| A double membrane that surronds the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell | Nuclear Envelope |
| The DNA and proteins in the nucleus of a nondividing cell; in a cell that is about to divide, it stands coil up and becomes densely packed, forming chromosomes. | Chromatin |
| DNA and protein in a coiled, rod-shaped form that occurs during cell division | Chromosomes |
| A small hole in the nuclear envelope through which substances pass between the nucleus and the cytoplasm | Nuclear Pore |
| The structure in which ribosomes are synthesized and partially assembled; found in most nuclei | Nucleolus |
| A rigid structure that surronds the cells of plants, fungi, many protists, and most bacteria | Cell Wall |
| A fluid-filled organelle that stores ezymes or metabolic wastes in a plant cell; also found in animal cells, but are much smaller | Vacuoles |
| An organelle of plant cells that contains starch, fats, or pigments | Plastid |
| A plastid containing chlorophyll; the site of photosynthesis | Chloroplast |
| A flattened, membranous sac inside a chloroplast; contains most of the components involved in the light reactions or photosynthesis | Thylakoids |
| A group of organs that interact to perform a set of related tasks | Organ System |
| In most multicellular organisms, a group of similar cells that carry out a common function | Tissue |
| Several types of body tissues that together perform a function | Organ |
| A collection of genetically identical cells that live together in a closely connected group | Colonial Organisms |
| The region of the cell between the cell membrane and the nucleus | Cytoplasm |
| The gelatinlike aqueous fluid that bathes the organelles of the inside of the cell membrane | Cytosol |
Created by:
rmoran
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