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RNA Viruses 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a segmented viral genome? | capsid contain more than one nucleic acid |
| Positive stranded RNA viruses are homologous to mRNA and can be used by a ribosome to translate what? | protein |
| Negative stranded RNA viruses must be ________ as mRNA before it can be translated into a protein. | transcribed |
| Which family contains the smallest animal virus? | Picornaviridae |
| The Rhinovirus, which causes the common cold can be transmitted by ________or _____. | by aerosols, by fomites, or via hand-to-hand contact |
| Why are rhinoviruses usually limited to the upper respiratory system? | Only replicate best inside the nasal cavity |
| The transmission route for enteroviruses is ________. | via the fecal-oral route |
| If a person needs an iron lung to survive they have suffered from ___________. | polio |
| Someone who suffered from ________ can cause a debilitating muscular condition to develop 30-40 years later. | Postpolio syndrome |
| Coxsackie A virus causes ___________, commonly contracted by children in Alabama. | Herpangina |
| Coxsackie B viruses can cause ____________. | myocarditis and pericardial infections |
| Coxsackie ____ has been associated with the development of diabetes mellitus. | B |
| Hepatitis A virus and Hepatitis E virus share the same transmission route, which is ___________. | fecal-oral route |
| Hepatitis E causes a severe disease if contracted by a __________. | pregnant women |
| Hepatitis ____ is only infectious when it becomes a satellite (virus) of Hepatitis B. | D |
| ________ are usually transmitted by mosquitos or ticks. | Zoonoses |
| Rubella belongs to the family _____________. | Togaviridae |
| _________ is in the Flaviviridae family, but it is not transmitted by arthropods. | Hepatitis C virus |
| The natural host for Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) can be a __________ or a _______ | bird, rodent |
| Why are humans a dead end host for West Nile Virus? | The virus does not develop inside humans |
| What is the transmission route for Hepatitis C? | through needles, organ transplants, and sexual activity |
| Why should a pregnant woman not be vaccinated for rubella? | it contains the live virus |
| The 2nd most common cause of colds belongs to the family ___________. | coronaviruses |
| A major difference between coronaviruses and rhinoviruses is that coronaviruses have an__________________, rhinoviruses do not have one. | corona-like halo formed by their envelopes |
| A conoraviridae on the new and emerging pathogens list is ________. | SARS |
| Replication of genomic RNA is performed with a DNA template in the family ________. | Retroviridae |
| The enzyme that allows ds DNA to transcribe from ssRNA is __________. | reverse transcriptase |
| A _________ white blood cell count of less than 200 cells per liter coupled opportunistic infections is indicative of AIDS. | CD4 |
| HIV is distributed throughout the body by which blood cell type? | White |
| Why is HIV protease essential for the HIV virus to replicate? | allows virus to mature |
| The HIV virus exist as a ____________ in the chromosome of its host, making direct detection difficult. | provirus |
| The appearance of Koplik’s spots is a definitive diagnosis of ____________. | measles |
| A year or more after infection with the virus that causes rubeola (red measles), a progressive complication of the CNS known as ________ can occur. | SSPE |
| The signs and symptoms of mumps results from infection of the ________ glands. | parotid salivary |
| The most frequent cause of fatal respiratory disease in infants and young children is __________. | Respiratory Syncytial Virus |
| Viruses in the Paramyxoviridae family are able to cause infected cells to fuse with their neighbors, forming giant, multinucleate __________. | syncytia |
| Which animal transmits most cases of rabies in the U.S.? | bats |
| Rabies is a disease of the ________. | central nervous system |
| At what point after exposure to the rabies virus is it too late for treatment? | by the time symptoms and antibodies occur |
| Filoviruses require Bio Safety Level _____ precautions. | 4 |
| The ebola virus causes a ___________ and has a high mortality rate. | Hemorrhagic Fevers |
| Mutations in the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase spikes in an influenza virus is referred to as an antigenic ___________. | drift |
| When 2 different influenza A viruses infect the same host cell, their genome segments can be reassorted, resulting in the formation of a third strain of influenza A. This is referred to as an antigenic ____________. | shift |
| What is the purpose of the neuraminidase spike of influenza A? | For attachment |
| Influenza A vaccines are believed to be effective against a particular strain for up to_______ years. | 3 |
| Hanta viruses are different from other bunyaviruses because they are transmitted to humans by _______________ of dried mouse urine or feces. | virions |
| The genome of retroviruses is composed of __________, which makes them a unique microbe. | double-stranded RNA |
| __________ belong to the Reoviridae family infect almost all children in the first few years of their life and cause a diarrheal gastroenteritis. | Rotaviruses |
Created by:
gmoore730
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