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EGT113-Ch2
Ch 2 Glossary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Ammeter | An instrument designed to read the current through elements in series with the meter. |
| Ampere (A) | The SI unit of measurement applied to the flow of charge through a conductor. |
| Ampere-hour (Ah) rating | The rating applied to a source of energy that will reveal how long a particular level of current can be drawn from that source. |
| Cell | A fundamental source of electrical energy developed through the conversion of chemical or solar energy. |
| Conductors | Materials that permit a generous flow of electrons with very little voltage applied. |
| Copper | A material possessing physical properties that make it particularly useful as a conductor of electricity. |
| Coulomb (C) | The fundamental SI unit of measure for charge. It is equal to the charge carried by 6.242 x 1018 electrons. |
| Coulomb's law | An equation defining the force of attraction or repulsion between two charges. |
| Current | The flow of charge resulting from the application of a difference in potential between two points in an electrical system. |
| dc current source | A source that will provide a fixed current level even though the load to which it is applied may cause its terminal voltage to change. |
| dc generator | A source of dc voltage available through the turning of the shaft of the device by some external means. |
| Direct current (dc) | Current having a single direction (unidirectional) and a fixed magnitude over time. |
| Electrolysis | The process of passing a current through an electrolyte to break it down into its fundamental components. |
| Electrolytes | The contact element and the source of ions between the electrodes of the battery. |
| Electron | The particle with negative polarity that orbits the nucleus of an atom. |
| Free electron | An electron unassociated with any particular atom, relatively free to move through a crystal lattice structure under the influence of external forces. |
| Fuel cell | A nonpolluting source of energy that can establish cur¬rent through a load by simply applying the correct levels of hydrogen and oxygen. |
| Insulators | Materials in which a very high voltage must be ap¬plied to produce any measurable current flow. |
| Neutron | The particle having no electrical charge found in the nucleus of the atom. |
| Nucleus | The structural center of an atom that contains both pro¬tons and neutrons. |
| Positive ion | An atom having a net positive charge due to the loss of one of its negatively charged electrons. |
| Potential difference | The algebraic difference in potential (or voltage) between two points in an electrical system. |
| Potential energy | The energy that a mass possesses by virtue of its position. |
| Primary cell | Sources of voltage that cannot be recharged. Proton The particle of positive polarity found in the nucleus of an atom. |
| Rectification | The process by which an ac signal is converted to one that has an average dc level. |
| Secondary cell | Sources of voltage that can be recharged. |
| Semiconductor | A material having a conductance value between that of an insulator and that of a conductor. Of significant importance in the manufacture of electronic devices. |
| Solar cell | Sources of voltage available through the conversion of light energy (photons) into electrical energy. |
| Specific gravity | The ratio of the weight of a given volume of a substance to the weight of an equal volume of water at 4°C. |
| Volt (V) | The unit of measurement applied to the difference in potential between two points. If 1 joule of energy is required to move 1 coulomb of charge between two points, the difference in potential is said to be 1 volt. |
| Voltage | The term applied to the difference in potential be-tween two points as established by a separation of opposite charges. |
| Voltmeter | An instrument designed to read the voltage across an element, or between any two points in a network. |