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IPv6 Notes

QuestionAnswer
TCP/IPv6 Application Layer Changes DHCPv6 replaces DHCPv4
TCP/IPv6 Transport Layer Changes TCPv6 & UDPv6 replace TCP & UDP
TCP/IPv6 Internet Layer Changes IPv6 & ICMPv6 replace IPv4 & ICMP
TCP/IPv6 Link Layer Changes Neighbhor Discovery (ND) supersedes and replaces ARP
IPv6 Addressing 128 bit Address (16 octets/bytes) written in Hex format over 8 fields separated by colons
IPv6 Abbreviation Rules 1) Leading zeros are optional 2) Represent one or more consecutive quartets of all hex 0's with a double colon
IPv6 Conventions IPv4 = Network.Host IPv6 = Prefix.Interface_ID -Prefix = "where you are connected to" -Interface ID = "who you are"
IPv6 General Address Format Global_Routing_Prefix.Subnet_ID.Interface_ID Global = n bits Subnet = m bits Interface = 128-n-m bits
IPv6 Address Allocation Hierarchy 1) IANA 2) RIR's 3) ISP's/LIR's 4) Site Address 5) Subnet
IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Name the 5 RIR's AFRINIC ARIN APNIC LACNIC RIPE
Assigned "Unspecified" Prefix ::/128
Assigned "Loopback" Prefix ::1/128
Assigned "Multicast" Prefix FF00::/8
Assigned "Link-Local Unicast" Prefix F280::/10
Assigned "Unique Local Unicast" Prefix FC00::/7
Assigned "Global Unicast" Prefix 2000::/3
IPv4 adds in a new function named... Anycast = "One to Nearest" -Address corresponds to a set of computers that share a common address prefix--delivered on shortest path to nearest one. NO concept of broadcast now. Multicast is used instead.
Describe IPv6 Header Structure -Version -Traffic Class -Flow Label -Payload Length -Next Header -Hop Limit -Source Address -Destination Address
IPv6 Fields & Lengths (versus IPv4) IPv6 -8 Fields -Fixed 40 bytes length IPv4 -13 Fields -Varies between 20 to 60 bytes
What fields were removed from IP header in IPv6? -Header Checksum -Header Length -Identification -Flags -Fragment Offset
What fields were renamed/modified? Type of Service = Traffic Class Protocol Type = Next Header Total Length = Payload Length TTL = Hop Limit
What field is brand new to IPv6? Flow Label
What extension headers can be added to IPv6? -Hop by Hop Options -Destination Options -Routing Header -Fragment Header -Authentication Header -ESP Header -Upper Layer Header
ICMPv6 Commonly used to send error messages -Neighbor Discovery Protocol -Path MTU Discovery -Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) Protocol
Neighbor Discovery (ND) replaces what protocols? -ARP -ICMP Router Discovery -ICMP Redirect ND determines L2 addresses of nodes on the same link, finds neighboring routers that can forward packets/are reachable, and detects changed link layer addresses.
ND uses what 5 ICMPv6 messages -Router Solicitation (RS) -Router Advertisement (RA) -Neighbor Solicitation -Neighbor Advertisement -Redirect
How can IPv6 interfaces be assigned? -Manually Configured -Assigned via DHCP (Stateful) -Stateless Auto-Configuration -Auto-generated Pseudo-random Number
How does Stateless Autoconfiguration work? A 64-bit EUI-64 is created by expanding the 48-bit MAC address with a Link Local prefix (FE80::/64). Expansion done by inserting 2 bytes (Hex FFFE) between OUI and the seventh bit to 1.
What mechanisms exist for transitioning/coexisting with IPv4? --Dual-Stack --Tunneling (Encapsulation) --Translation (Uses NAT-PT)
Created by: glarsen117
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