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Patho Review
Patho
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An important function of the scrotum is to | regulate the temperature of the testes. |
| Estrogen therapy is indicated during menopause to prevent each of the following disorders except | breast cancer |
| Bile is manufactured by | hepatocytes |
| The primary selectivity barrier for glomerular filtration is the | glomerular basement membrane |
| Is obesity usually associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus? | no |
| Absence of menstruation is called | amenorrhea |
| The stage of "renal insufficiency"Â of chronic kidney disease is associated with | polyuria and nocturia. |
| Esophageal varices may develop as a complication of liver disease. Pathophysiologically, this condition can be attributed to | portal hypertension |
| The primary cause of stress incontinence is ___ ___ weakness | pelvic muscle |
| The release of prolactin is normally inhibited by: | dopamine |
| A clinical finding consistent with a diagnosis of syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion (SIADH) is: | hyponatremia |
| What is a characteristic of lipid-soluble hormones? | Bind to receptors on the plasma membranes of target cells |
| Diarrhea and other lower intestinal fluid losses will contribute to | metabolic acidosis |
| Chronic pancreatitis may lead to | diabetes mellitus |
| Endometriosis is a condition in which ___ ___ tissue is present | ectopic endometrial |
| Sudden, severe testicular pain is indicative of | testicular torsion |
| Viral pneumonia is characterized by a ___ cough | dry |
| The amount of air remaining in the lungs after a maximal exhalation is called the | residual volume |
| Chief cells secrete | pepsinogen |
| Surfactant is a phospholipid that reduces | alveolar surface tension |
| Ovulation occurs approximately how many days prior to the first day of menstruation? | 14 |
| The organism most commonly associated with acute pyelonephritis is | Escherichia coli. |
| Elevated serum lipase and amylase levels are indicative of | pancreatitis |
| Vomiting of stomach contents or continuous nasogastric suctioning may predispose to development of | metabolic acid deficit |
| Which fluid will be most effective in restoring extracellular volume? | Normal saline (0.9%) |
| Starvation is associated with loss of | visceral protein |
| Hepatitis B is usually transmitted by exposure to | blood or semen |
| The most helpful laboratory value in monitoring the progression of declining renal function is ___ ___ | serum creatinine |
| Emphysema results from destruction of alveolar walls and capillaries, which is due to | autoantibodies against pulmonary basement membrane. |
| Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often associated with | nonketotic hyperosmolality |
| The most common cause of mechanical bowel obstruction is | adhesions |
| Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with toxic effects of | alcohol on brain cells. |
| A primary endocrine disorder occurs when the target gland is | unresponsive to pituitary regulation |
| An example of a secondary endocrine disorder is: | pituitary hypersecretion of TSH |
| A long asymptomatic latent phase is a characteristic of which sexually transmitted infection? | Syphilis |
| Growth hormone excess in adults results in the condition of | acromegaly |
| Ulcerative colitis is commonly associated with ___ ___ | bloody diarrhea |
| Classify the following arterial blood gas: pH = 7.52, PaCO2 = 30 mm Hg, HCO3 = 24 mEq/L | Metabolic acidosis |
| The underlying pathogenic mechanism for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is: | pancreatic β-cell destruction |
| Synthesis of thyroid hormones in inhibited by ___ deficiency | iodine |
| Most of the carbon dioxide in blood is transported as | bicarbonate |
| The activation of sperm after they enter the vagina is called | capacitation |
| In males, pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) induces Leydig cells in the testes to produce | testosterone |
| Renin is released from ___ cells. | juxtaglomerular |
| A patient with a productive cough and a localized area of infiltrate or atelectasis on x-ray probably has | tuberculosis |
| Which of the following laboratory tests is the best indicator of the adequacy of protein intake and utilization by the liver? | Serum IgG |
| The organism most commonly associated with pelvic inflammatory disease is | Chlamydia |
| Copious, foul-smelling respiratory secretions are generally associated with | bronchiectasis |
| Cryptorchidism is associated with an increased incidence of ___ ___. | testicular cancer |
| What sign is consistent with a diagnosis of glomerulonephritis? | White blood cell casts in the urine |
| Brain injury secondary to high serum bilirubin is called | kernicterus |
| Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (adrenogenital syndrome) results from: | exogenous androgens |
| A total of 70% to 80% of the water and electrolytes filtered by the kidney are reabsorbed by the ___ ___. | proximal tubule |
| Activation of parasympathetic nerves to the bladder will cause | sphincter relaxation |
| Clinical manifestations of Graves disease may include | tremor |
| The body compensates for metabolic alkalosis by increasing | bicarbonate ion excretion |
| The most likely cause of anemia in a patient with end-stage renal disease is insufficient | erythropoietin |
| A deficiency of lipid digestion or absorption commonly results in | steatorrhea |
| Phimosis is a disorder of the penis characterized by | inability to retract the foreskin |
| Acute right lower quadrant pain associated with rebound tenderness and systemic signs of inflammation are indicative of | appendicitis |
| In addition to renal colic pain, signs or symptoms of ureteral stones may frequently include urinary | urgency |
| Up-regulation of target cell receptors results in: | decreased target cell sensitivity to hormone |
Created by:
BrandiLynn
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