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Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Tidal volume | Amount of air inhaled or exhaled with each breath under resting conditions ~ 500 ml |
| IRV – inspiratory Reserve Volume | Amount of air that can be forcefully inhaled after a normal tidal volume inhalation ~ 3100 mL. |
| amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal tidal volume exhalation ~ 1200 ml | |
| Vital capacity | Maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation ~ 4800 ml |
| Residual volume | the amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a maximum expiration |
| FEV1 | Force expiratory volume in volume looks at percentage of the vital capacity that is exhaled ruing specific time intervals of FVC test, specifically the first second. |
| FEV1 | amount of air expired during one second |
| Where in the brain is the respiratory center inspiratory center located? | medulla |
| Under normal conditions, what acts as the stimulus for inspiration? | CO2 |
| Define tidal volume: | what we breathe in & out normally (at rest) |
| Does hyperventilation cause acidosis or alkalosis? | alkalosis |
| Does the addition of surfactant increase or decrease air flow? | increase |
| Name the large cartilage of the larynx that is sometimes referred to as the Adam's apple. | thyroid cartilage |
| Name the opening into the trachea which is guarded by the vocal folds (true vocal cords) | larynx |
| why don't both lungs collapse when there is a penetration into the thoracic cavity | each lung is in its own cavity and they are separate from each other |
| Why can you hold your breath longer after hyperventilation? | baseline to become acidic is father away. |
| define pneumothorax | penetration into the thoracic cavity |
| Two principles governing flow of air into and out of lungs | 1. changes in volume result in changes in 2. air flows from areas of higher pressure to lower pressure |
| Name the two inspiratory muscles | external intercostals and diaphragm |
| How many lobes does right lobe have? | three |
| How many lobes does left lobe have? | two |
| conducting zone structures | from nasal cavity to terminal brochioles; no gas exchange; anatomical dead space |
| anatomical dead space | conducting zone structures |
| physiological dead space | any air in where gas should be occuring but isn't due to physiological condition |
| respiratory zone structures | from respiratory bronchioles outward. |
| gas exchange occurs where in this whole path from trachea to alveoli? | respiratory zone structures |
| during swallowing covere pharynx | epiglottis |
| small cartilage that moves vocal cords | arytenoid cartilage |
| corniculate cartilage | tips of arytenoid cartilage |
| rings around the trachea | tracheal cartilages |
| false vocal cords | vestibular fold |
| true vocal cords | vocal fold |
| large front cartilage | shield shaped |
| adams apple | laryngeal prominence |
| control center for respiratory activity | in medulla oblongata |
| What tiggers medulla to make your breathe | H+ concentration |
| Whast is the stimulus for inspiration? | levels of CO2, H+ & O2 in blood |
| carbonic anhydrase formula | CO2 + H2O > H2CO3> h+ + HCO-3 or CO2 + H2O < H2CO3 <h+ + HCO-3 |
| Increased inhalation. Acidic or basic | basic; goes to right |
| decresed inhalation. acidic or basic | acidic. goes to left. increase h+, increased CO2. |
| low pressure moves air into lung | inspiration, diagphragm contracts pulling downward, increasing the volume of the lung, which decreases pressue |
| higher pressure pushes air out of the lung | expiration - diaphragm, decreasing the volume, which increase the pressure |
| tidal volume | volume of air inspired/expired for each breath |
| residual volume | left over air after forceful expiration |
Created by:
smreisinger
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