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Biolgy MD1
Information from Module 1: The Study of Life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Things Necessary for Life | 1. Contain DNA 2. Extract energy from surroundings, convert into energy to sustain 3. Sense, respond to changes in surroundings 4. Reproduce |
| Metabolism | The sum total of all processes in an organism which convert energy and matter fro outside sources and use that energy and matter to sustain the organsism's life functions |
| Anabolism | Sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and simple chemicals to produce large chemcials and structures for life |
| Catabolism | Sum total of all processes in an organism which break down chemcials to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants and some other organisms us the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to produce their own food |
| Carnivores | Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants |
| Omnivores | Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms |
| Producers | Organisms that produce their own food |
| Consumers | Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers |
| Decomposers | Organisms that break down dead remains of other orgnisms |
| Autotrophs | Organisms that make their own food ("self-feeder") |
| Heterotrophs | Organisms that depend on other organisms for food ("other-feeder") |
| Receptors | Special structures that allow living organisms to sense conditions of their internal/external environment |
| Asexual reproduction | Reproduction by a single organism |
| Sexual reproduction | Reproduction by 2 organisms |
| Inheritance | Process by which physical, biological characteristics are transmitted by parents to offspring |
| Progression of Scientific Method | Observation->Hypothesis->Theory->Law |
| Abiogenesis | idea that long ago, simple lifeforms appeared through chemcial reactions |
| Classification System | Kingdom->Phylum->Class->Order->Family->Genus->Species |
| 5 Kingdoms | 1. Monera 2. Protista 3. Fungi 4. Plantae 5. Animalia |
| Prokaryotic Cell | Cell with no distinct, membrane-bound organelles |
| Eukaryotic Cell | Cell with distinct, membrane-bound organelles |
| Kingdom Monera | All organisms composed of one or a simple association of prokaryotic cells |
| Kingdom Protista | Organisms composed of one or a simple association of eukaryotic cells |
| Kingdom Fungi | Eukaryotic cells (most decomposers) |
| Kingdom Plantae | Multicelled with eukaryotic cells (mostly autotrophs) |
| Kingdom Animalia | Multicelled with eukaryotic cells -not decomposers -heterotrophs |
| Species | A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such units |
| Taxonomy | The science of classifying organisms |
| Binomial nomenclature | Naming and organism with its genus and species name |
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Safire25509
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