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Chpt_14_HistoryLife

Chapter 14 from Holt Modern Biology on History of Life

QuestionAnswer
Biogenesis A principle that states that all living things come from other living things
Spontaneous generation A principle that states that living things can come from non-living things
Radiometric dating A technique used to establish the age of materials that uses the half-life of radioactive isotopes to estimate age
Isotopes Atoms of an element that have different numbers of neutrons
Mass number The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
Radioactive decay The process in which the nuclei of unstable isotopes releases particles or radiant energy until the nucleus becomes stable
Radioactive isotopes Isotopes with unstable nuclei
Half-life The length of time it takes for one-half of any size sample of an isotope to decay to a stable form
Microspheres Structures formed in the laboratory that are spherical in shape and are composed of many protein molecules organized as a membrane
Coacervates Structures that are collections of droplets that are composed of molecules of different types, including lipids, amino acids, and sugars
Ribozymes An RNA molecule that can act as a catalyst and promote a specific chemical reaction
Archaea A group of unicellular organisms that often live in extremely harsh environmental conditions
Chemosynthesis A process in which CO2 serves as a carbon source for the assembly of organic molecules and where energy is obtained from the oxidation of various inorganic substances such as sulfur
Cyanobacteria A group of photosynthetic unicellular prokaryotes
Ozone O3, a gas that forms a layer in the upper atmosphere that absorbs much of the ultraviolet radiation from the sun
Endosymbiosis A theory that suggests that aerobic prokaryotes were engulfed by eukaryotic cells and later evolved into mitochondria
Created by: SavioScience
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