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J - Earthquake

Earthquake related vocabulary

termdefinition
convergent boundaries the place where two neighboring plates are moving toward one another
divergent boundaries the region where two neighboring plates are moving apart
earthquake the jolting that occurs when two plates try to move past one another
epicenter the point on the Earth's surface that is directly above the focus of an earthquake
fault a weak point or fracture in the Earth's crust where rock layers have ruptured and/or slipped
focus the spot inside the Earth where an Earthquake begins
P-waves primary waves; seismic body waves that travel forward in a straight, push-pull fashion
Richter scale scale based on the numbers 1 to 10 that measures the energy released by an earthquake
S-waves secondary waves, seismic body waves that travel in an S shape
transform faults boundaries at which plates move past one another horizontally
seismic waves shock waves of energy released by an earthquake
seismometer a tool used to capture the motion of the earthquake and print a record of that motion
surface waves the slowest but most damaging type of seismic wave that rolls along the Earth's surface like a roller coaster
tremor a slight movement of the Earth; a very small earthquake
subduction zone the region where two plates converge and the less dense, usually oceanic, plate is pushed down under the more dense, usually continental plate, into the mantle
plate tectonics a theory of plate movement that states that the Earth's crust is made up of many plates that move slightly as they "float" on the Earth's mantle
Moho Mohorovicic discontinuity; the boundary between the crust and the mantle
body waves the type of seismic waves that occur in the body of the Earth including P-waves and S-waves
tsunami a wave of water that sometimes accompanies earthquakes, volcanoes, and underwater landslides
geologist a scientist who studies the processes that form and change the Earth
Created by: Mrs.J
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