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Fluid & Electrolytes

QuestionAnswer
Normal sodium value 135-145 mEq/dl
Normal potassium value 3.5-4.5
Normal Phosphorus value 2.8-4.5
Normal calcium value 8.5-10.2 mg/dl
Normal magnesium value 1.5-2.5 mEq/dl
Client has alot of muscle weakness and cramping. Also enhances digitalis (digoxin toxicity). Hypokalemia <3.5
Monitor patients on diuretics closely. Restrict oral and parenteral K intake as ordered. Kayexelate enema to inc. K elimination Hyperkalemia >4.5
Monitor breathing closely, Patient may become confused. Possible seizures, Chvostek's sign (facial twitching), Numbness in extremeties and around mouth. Hypocalcemia <8.5
Protect confused patient, monitor for digoxin tocitity, encourage high fiber intake, increase movement and exercise Hypercalcemia >10.2
Monitor LOC, Very high risk for sezures, Administer isotonic 0.9% IV as ordered Hyponatremia <135
Monitor LOC & behavior changes, Sezure precautions, restrict salt intake, administer hypotonic solution 0.3% NaCl as ordered Hypernatremia >145
Monitor for seizure, ECG changes (cardiac muscle), digitalis toxicity, avoid excess laxatives and diuretics Hypomagnesemia <1.5
LOC, Assess patellar reflex if absent notify MD, encourage fluid intake. Hypermagnesemia >2.5
Monitor LOC, seizure precautions,bleeding and respiratory failure. Hypophosphatemia <2.8
Cant excrete phosphorus, monitor for tetany and other signs of hypocalcemia, Monitor HR, ECG, and UO. Hyperphosphatemia >4.5
Normal Cl- values 100-106
Normal Mg values 1.2-2.0
Normal PO4-3 2.5-4.5
Normal CO2 23 - 30
Normal HCO3-1 22-26
Normal pCO2 35-45
Normal pH 7.35 - 7.45
Normal Osmolarity 285-295mOsm / kg water
Normal Albumin 3.5 - 5.5
Normal Hct F= 40-48/ M-42-50
Normal Hgb F= 12-16/ M= 42-50
PT 11-12.5s or 1.5-2X control
PTT 60-70s or 1.5-2.5X control
Created by: rdecker1
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