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Newborn Examination
important factors in the general examination of the newborn
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a normal respiratory rate for a newborn baby? | 30-60 breaths/minute |
| What is the definition of "apnoea"? | cessation of breathing for more than 20 seconds |
| What could pallor in the neonate be a caused by? | Shock fetal-maternal transfusion Internal bleeding (gastrointestinal, subaponeuric haemorrhage) Rh and ABO incompatibility Placental abruption or bleeding during pregnancy |
| What is the normal heart rate for a newborn baby at rest? | 120-150bpm |
| What is the normal heart rate for a newborn baby who is crying, active or distressed? | 160-190bpm |
| What is the normal temperature for a newborn baby? | 36.8-37.2*C |
| What is opisthotonos? | extreme hyperextension |
| What could opisthotonos be caused by? | Meningitis |
| What is the name given to an extra amount of fingers or toes? | polydactyly |
| What is the name given to webbing of the fingers or toes? | Syndactyly |
| What could cause asymmetrical movements in the neonate? | Broken bone(s) Erbs Palsy Klumpke's palsy Total brachial plexus palsy |
| What could cause a loss of elasticity in the skin of the neonate? | Dehydration |
| What are some signs that the umbilicus may be infected? | Red skin around the umbilicaus, Swollen, draining pus, foul smelling. |
| What is the name for a burst blood vessel between the conjuctiva and the sclera in the eye? | subconjunctival haemorrhage |
| How long will it take for a subconjunctival haemorrhage to disappear? | Should disappear within 1-2 weeks |
| What is the name for increased cerebrospinal fluid collection on the brain which causes increased head circumference, increased ventricle size and increased intracranial pressure? | Hydrocephalus |
| What would cause a sunken fontanelle? | Dehydration |
| What could cause a bulging fontanelle? | Infection, subdural hematoma, hydrocephalus etc |
| What might be a reason for profuse nasal discharge in the neonate? | Syphilis |
| What could cause a dry tongue and mucous membranes in the newborn? | Dehydration |
| What is the name given to the congenital defect which includes the abdominal contents protruding freely through the abdominal wall on one side of the umbilicus | Gastroschisis |
| What is the name given to the defect which results in the abdominal contents escaping through umbilical ring but is still contained in a membrane of peritoneum and amnion? | Exomphalos (omphalocele) |
| Is gastroschisis or exomphalos associated with genetic abnormalities? | Exomphalos |
| What is the name given to the congenital abnormality which causes an incomplete clusure of the embryonic neural tube which allows the spinal cord to protrude through the vertebrae? | Spina bifida (myelomeningocele) |
| What is the name given to the spina bifida defect which results in a split in the vertebrae which is small enough that the spinal cord does not protrude through? | Spina bifida occulta |
| Why may you be concerned that a newborn has not passed meconium within 24 hours of birth? | Intestinal obstruction Cystic fibrosis Anorectal malformations |
Created by:
becs89
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