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NURS509A
Introduction to Nursing Theory and Nursing Process
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Nursing Theory? | An organized set of related ideas & concepts that: assist in finding meaning in our individual & collective nursing experience, organizing thinking around an idea, develop new ideas & insights in our work, lay foundation for new forms of nursing practice |
| 5 Components of a Theory | 1. Phenomena 2. Assumptions 3. Concepts 4. Definitions 5. Statements/propositions |
| What is a paradigm? | A worldview underlying the theories and methodology of a particular scientific subject. |
| What is a conceptual framework? | A set of concepts related to form a whole |
| What is a model? | A symbolic representation of a framework or concepts |
| What do Nursing Theories describe, explain and predict? | Human behavior |
| Where are Nursing Theories used? | In practice, education, and research |
| 6 Important Nurse Theorists | 1. Florence Nightingale 2. Virginia Henderson 3. Hildegard Peplau 4. Patricia Benner 5. Madeleine Leninger 6 Jean Watson |
| Which important Nurse Theorist wrote the first textbook on psych-nursing? | Hildegard Peplau |
| Which important Nurse Theorist wrote the book From Novist to Expert? | Patricia Benner |
| Definition of a care plan? | A care plan is a tool that represents meaningful structure...with a focus question (problem)...A hierarchal manner...And lines that depict a connection. |
| What does the care plan begin with? | A central concept or theme |
| A care plan begins with a central concept or theme, and then what is diagramed, as branching out from the central theme? | Related ideas that apply to the concept |
| 3 Uses for care plans | 1. Brainstorming individually or with a group 2. Helping problem solve 3. Helping generate interventions or solutions to problems |
| What is the first thing a nurse should do to create a Care Plan? | The nurse must first perform a nursing assessment to gather information about the patient. This may include both subjective and objective assessment data. |
| What are the 5 steps of the Nursing Process? | 1. A - Assessment 2. D - (Nursing) Diagnosis 3. P - Plan 4. I - Implementation 5. E - Evaluation |
| What is the 5-step Nursing Process based on? | The scientific process |
| Which step of the Nursing Process does this statement refer to: Identify yourself, gather necessary information; Perform a physical assessment, obtain an accurate hx, review medical records and diagnostic tests, collaborate with entire HCT and family | Step 1. Assessment |
| Which step of the Nursing Process is a 3-part system? | Step 2. (Nursing) Diagnosis |
| What are the 3 steps of the Nursing Diagnosis? | 1. P - Problem (label from NANDA-I list) 2. E - Etiology/"related to" factor (what is contributing to the nursing dx?) 3. S - Symptom/"as evidenced by" (s/s, or as NANDA-I describes them, defining characteristics, taken from the assessment) |
| How do you make a Nursing Diagnosis? | Look for common patterns in the assessment, cluster or group common patterns/verify defining characteristics, and identify possible nursing dx using critical thinking skills to determine accurate dx |
| What is Etiology? | Cause - relationship to the nursing dx |
| Can you use the medical diagnosis in your "related to" or etiology phrase? | No, but may be secondary |
| What phrase may be used to connect the etiology with the defining characteristics? | as evidenced by (AEB) |
| What are the defining characteristics of the Nursing Dx? | Signs and symptoms (s/s) identified in the assessment (part of the S-step of the Nursing Diagnosis) |
| State a Nursing Dx for the following: Mr Jackson, 62yo, has COPD. Admitted with pneumonia. Has wracking cough, large amounts of sputum, dyspnea, and loud crackles in both lungs. VS: T 101.4, PR 118, RR 30, BP 156/92, SPO2 84-88, Smokes 2 PPD x 45 yrs | INEFFECTIVE AIRWAY CLEARANCE r/t pooling of pulmonary secretions, secondary to COPD, AEB dyspnea, production of large amounts of sputum and cough |
| Which step of the Nursing Process prioritizes the nursing dx, has a general goal to improve health problem, identifies outcomes, and identifies interventions based on evidence? | Step 3. Planning |
| When determining priorities in step 3 of the Nursing Process, what should your priorities be based on? | Maslow's hierarchy |
| What are the levels of Maslow's hierachy - beginning from the most basic needs? | Physiological (breathing, food, water, sleep, homeostasis, excretion), Safety (security of body, employment, resources, family, health), Love/Belonging (friendship, family, sexual intimacy), Esteem (self-esteem, confidence, respect), Self-actualizaiton |
| What is the general goal of the Planning step of the Nursing Process? | To improve health problem |
| When identifying Nursing Outcomes Classifications (NOC) in the Planning step of the Nursing Process you want to write outcomes that resolve what? | Symptoms |
| When identifying Nursing Outcomes Classifications (NOC) in the Planning step of the Nursing Process you may use what scale? | 5-point Likert-type rating scale |
| When identifying Nursing Outcomes Classifications (NOC) in the Planning step of the Nursing Process what does this assist in? | Recording change after intervention |
| When identifying Nursing Outcomes Classifications (NOC) in the Planning step of the Nursing Process what does this increase? | NOCs increase the client/patient's motivation to achieve outcomes |
| When identifying Nursing Outcomes Classifications (NOC) in the Planning step of the Nursing Process what format do you use? | SMART |
| What does the acronym SMART represent? | S - specific M - measurable A - appropriate/attainable R - reasonable T - time-frame |
| Interventions should be | -Clear: specific and timely -Evidence-based: rationale to support nursing interventions -Independent or or collaborative |
| What is NIC | Nursing Intervention Classification |
| "this" is comprehensive, standardized and covers all nursing specialities | The Nursing Intervention Classification (NIC) |
| What are the 4 parts of implementation? | -Initiation of Care Plan -Performing Interventions -Assessing Effectiveness -Documentation |
| Which step of the Nursing Process is a continuous process with constant evaluation of outcomes and consistent evaluation of evidence? | Step 5 - Evaluation |
| Hopelessness leads to Helplessness; which leads to Powerlessness, which leads to what? | "Spiritual death" |
Created by:
MEPN 2013
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