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Preterm
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| extremely preterm is... | 25-27+6 |
| very preterm is.. | 25-32+6 |
| preterm is.. | 25-36+6 |
| skeleton | prominent with small narrow chest |
| skin | pink/red due to lack of subcut fat, soft and velvety due to lanugo |
| ears | little cartilage |
| skull | bones soft, sutures and fontanelles wide |
| genitalia | labia majora do not cover the minora, testes may be undescended |
| neurological | responses absent or diminished |
| RDS Characteristics | flared nostrils, intercostal retraction, end-expiratory grunting, tachypnoea, peripheral vasoconstriction |
| RDS Complications | pheumothorax, infection or septicaemia, patent ductus arteriosus, intraventricular haemorrhage |
| hypothermia leads too... | increased 02 and gluc consumption, decreased surfactant production |
| hyperthermia leads too... | increased O2 consumption, fitting, renal failure, hepatic failure |
| neonatal response to cold | non-shivering thermogenesis-oxidation of brown fat using 02 and gluc |
| list the seven types of feeding | breast, cup, bottle, nasogastric, nasojejunal, gastrostomy, parenteral |
| describe necrotising entercolitis | immature gut susceptable to infection causing bacteria to prolierate causing deep infection that can kill bowel tissue -> septicaemia |
| what tests would you carry out to diagnose infection | resp function->blood gases and x-ray, FBC, CRP, Blood cultures, urine microscopy and culture, lumbar puncture, cullture from tips of indwelling catheters |
| what role does surfactant play | reduces surface tension in the alveoli which encourages gaseouse exchange |