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Pharm exam

mchs, A.G.

QuestionAnswer
Bethanechol (Urecholine) Mechanism of Action
4 Bethanechol Adverse Effects Hypotension due to vasodilation and bradycardia Bethanechol Uses
Bethanechol Mechanism of Action Activates muscarinic receptors
Class of medication = muscarinic antagonist MUSCARINIC POISONING MUSCARINIC POISONING: Manifestation of Muscarinic Poisoning Stimulation of muscarinic receptors causes profuse salivation
MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS: Atropine Adverse Effects Uses
Mechanism of Action Blocks muscarinic receptors
Adverse Effects Blurry vision,
BUDCAT B- blurry vision, photophobia, and increased intraocular pressure U- urinary retention D- dry mouth (xerostomia), decreased secretions C- constipation A- anhidrosis (absence of sweat) T- tachycardia
ANTICHOLINERGIC DRUGS FOR OVERACTIVE BLADDER (OAB) Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol)
Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol) Uses Overactive bladder (urge incontinence)
Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol) :Mechanism of Action Blocks muscarinic (M3) receptors in the bladder
Oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol)Adverse Effects Blurry vision
CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Uses
Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Mechanism of Action Prevents degradation of acetylcholine (ACh)
Neostigmine (Prostigmin) Adverse Effects Excessive glandular secretions, increased GI motility
NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS Prototype: Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin
Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin )Uses Muscle relaxation during endotracheal intubation
Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin Mechanism of Action Causes paralysis of muscle by preventing repolarization (fasciculations)
Succinylcholine (Anectine, Quelicin Adverse Effects Prolonged paralysis in genetically determined individuals
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS Prototype: Epinephrine
Epinephrine Uses Cardiac arrest, heart failure, anaphylactic shock
Epinephrine Mechanism of Action Activates all four adrenergic receptors (alpha1, alpha2, beta1, and beta2)
Epinephrine Adverse Effects HTN crisis
Phenylephrine Uses treatment of nasal congestion
Mechanism of Action Actives alpha1 receptors
ALPHA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS Prototype: Prazosin (Minipress)
Adverse Effects HTN
Prazosin (Minipress Uses Essential hypertension
Prazosin (Minipress Mechanism of Action Blocks alpha1 Receptor
Prazosin (Minipress Adverse Effects Orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia
BETA-ADRENERGIC ANTAGONISTS First-Generation Nonselective Beta Blockers Prototype: Propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran)
Propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran Uses Hypertension, angina pectoris, cardiac dysrhythmias Propranolol (Inderal, InnoPran Mechanism of Action
Metoprolo (Lopressor, Toprol XL) Uses HTN
Metoprolo (Lopressor, Toprol XL) Mechanism of Action blocks cardiac beta 1 receptors
Metoprolo (Lopressor, Toprol XL) Adverse Effects Bradycardia
Clonidine (catapres) Class of medication Alpha2 Agonists
Clonidine (catapres) Uses HTN
Clonidine (catapres) Mechanism of Action Activates alpha2 receptors in the CNS
Clonidine (catapres) Adverse Effects Drowsiness and sedation
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet) Uses reduce symptoms of Parkinson’s disease
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet Mechanism of Action Levodopa increases synthesis of dopamine in the triatum
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet Adverse Effects several months to develop
Levodopa/Carbidopa Class of medication =
Donepezil(Aricept) : Mechanism of Action Prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh)
Donepezil(Aricept: Uses Alzheimer’s disease
Donepezil(Aricept: Adverse Effects Cholinergic effects
Donepezil(Aricept) Class of medication CHOLINESTRASE INHIBITORS
Phenytoin (Dilantin): Mechanism of Action Inhibits entry of sodium into neurons
Phenytoin (Dilantin): Uses Epilepsy
Phenytoin (Dilantin): Adverse Effects Nystagmus, nvoluntary eye movement
Phenytoin (Dilantin) Class of medication ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS (AEDs) ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS (AEDs)
: Valproic Acid (Depakote): Mechanism of Action Blocks sodium channels to suppress neurons
: Valproic Acid (Depakote): Uses Epilepsy, bipolar disorder, migraine headaches
Valproic Acid (Depakote): Adverse Effects Nausea, vomiting,
: Valproic Acid Class of medication ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS (AEDs)
Metaxalone (Skelaxin): Mechanism of Action Unclear; sedative properties may cause relaxation
Metaxalone (Skelaxin): Uses Relief of spasm resulting from muscle injury
Metaxalone (Skelaxin): Adverse Effects CNS depression
Metaxalone (Skelaxin) Class of medication MUSCLE RELAXANTS
: Pentazocine (Talwin): Uses Relief of mild to moderate pain
: Pentazocine (Talwin): Adverse Effects Physical dependence
: Pentazocine (Talwin) Class of medication
: Naloxone (Narcan): Mechanism of Action
Reverses the effects of opioids : Naloxone (Narcan): Uses Reversal of opioid overdose
: Naloxone (Narcan) Adverse Effects Minimal
: Naloxone (Narcan) Class of medication OPIOID ANTAGONISTS
Ergotamine (Ergomar): Mechanism of Action Alters transmission at serotonergic, dopaminergic
Ergotamine (Ergomar): USE Migraine and cluster headaches
Ergotamine (Ergomar): A/E N/V
Ergotamine (Ergomar) Class of medication ERGOT ALKALOIDS
Sumatriptan (Imitrex): Mechanism of Action Binds to 5-HT1B/1D (serotonin) receptors to cause vasoconstriction
Sumatriptan (Imitrex): USE Migraine headache
Sumatriptan (Imitrex): A/E Chest symptoms (heavy arms and chest pressure)
Sumatriptan (Imitrex) Class of medication SEROTONIN1B/1D–RECEPTOR AGONISTS (TRIPTANS)
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Mechanism of Action Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) (acute dystonia, parkinsonism, akathisia, tardive d : Chlorpromazine (Thorazine): USE
Created by: aanderson14
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