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BJU Life Science 3
Bob Jones Life Science - Chapter 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| cytoplasm | All the material, except the nucleus, inside a cell. |
| cell membrane | The thin covering that forms the outer boundary of a cell and that is composed primarily of phospholipids and proteins |
| selectively permeable membrane | A membrane that only certain molecules can pass through |
| passive transport | The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of cellular energy |
| diffusion | A form of passive transport in which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| osmosis | The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| active transport | The movement of molecules across a cell membrane, requiring the use of cellular energy |
| cell wall | A rigid structure manufactured by cells of plants, fungi, algae, and most bacteria to surround the cell membrane |
| organelle | One of the cellular structures found in the cytoplasm that perform the functions needed to keep the cell alive |
| mitochondria | The organelles in which aerobic respiration occurs to release usable energy from food |
| endoplasmic reticulum | An organelle consisting of a network of membranes that enable substances to be transported throughout the cell |
| ribosome | A non-membrane-bound organelle that directs the assembling of proteins |
| Golgi apparatus | An organelle that collects chemicals from the cytoplasm, processes them, and secretes them |
| vacuole | A membrane-bound sac that stores various substances, such as water, food, or wastes, within a cell |
| lysosome | An organelle that contains digestive enzymes for disposing of foreign particles and worn-out cellular structures |
| chloroplast | An organelle in plants that contains chlorophyll and other pigments; the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs |
| cilia | Short, hairlike extensions from a cell membrane that aid in movement |
| flagellum | Long, hairlike extensions from a cell membrane that aid in movement |
| nucleus | The organelle in eukaryotes that contains chromosomes; the control center of the cell |
| eukaryotes | A unicellular or multicellular organism whose cell or cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles |
| prokaryote | A unicellular organism that does not have a membrane around its genetic material and that lacks membrane-bound organelles; an organism in the kingdom Archaebacteria or Eubacteria |
| irreducible complexity | The idea that parts of organisms are so complex and dependent on one another that they cannot be reduced to something less complex and still function, providing evidence for Creation |
Created by:
marchscience
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