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Biology Chpt.5

aurrichio5

QuestionAnswer
passive transport fueled by kinetic energy from cells,high-->low concentration
diffusion movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
concentration gradient difference in concentration of molecules across a distance
osmosis passive transport;process in which water molecules diffuse from high to low concentration
hypotonic lower free water molecule concentration than cytosol
hypertonic higher free water molecule concentration than in cytosol
isotonic same free water molecule concentration as cytosol
contractive vacoules get rid of excess water in a cell, uses energy
turgor pressure the pressure put on the cell wall by water molecules
plasmoysis the condition in which turgor pressure is lost and the cell shrinks away from the cell wall
cytolosis bursting of cells (red blood cells in a hypotonic environ.)
facilitated diffusion passive transport for molecules that can't diffuse independently (ex. glucose)
carrier proteins proteins in cell membrane, change shape to allow molecules to enter/leave the cell
ion channels proteins in cell membran that transport ions like sodium or calcium
active transport requires energy to be expended,low-->high concentration
cell membrane pumps carrier proteins in active transport
sodium potassium pump moves 3 Na+ ions into cells external environment, as 2 K+ ions go into cytosol, active transport
enodocytosis process by which cells ingest external fluid and large molecules (taking in); active transport!
pinocytosis form of enodocytosis, involves the transport of solutes or fluids, "cellular drinking"
phagocytosis form of enodocytosis, movement of large particles or whole cells, "cellular eating"
phagocytes in animals, use phagocytosis to ingest bacteria & viruses that invade the body
exocytosis process by which a substance is released from the cell (getting out); active transport!
transport moving substances across a cell membrane
cell shrinks hypertonic, because water diffuses out of the cell
cell swells hypotonic, because water diffuses into the cell
Created by: caitlinc
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