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Perioperative I
IV
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Is nursing given before (preoperative), during (intraoperative), and after surgery (postoperative)? | Perioperative Nursing |
| Was the first nursing organization to develop structure, process and outcome standards as defined by ANA. Is the driving force for the practice of perioperative nursing? | Association of periOperative Nurses (AORN) |
| Incision into peritoneal cavity to inspect abdominal organs? | Laparatomy |
| Excision or removal of diseased body part? | Ablation |
| Relieves or reduces intensity of disease symptoms; will not preduce cure? | Palliative |
| ASA physical status classes 4 & 5 require? | Inpatient Surgery |
| Also refered to as outpatient surgery, short-stay surgery, or same-day surgery? | Ambulatory Survey |
| Influence the choice of anesthetic agents used, as well as the clients ability to tolerate surgery and reach full recovery? | Preexisting illness |
| These clients are at risk during surgery because of immature or declining physiological status? | Very young and old clients |
| Have an underdeveloped shivering reflex and often wide temp. variations occur with anesthesia? | Infants |
| Normal tissue repair and resistance to infection depend of what? | Adequate nutrition |
| A post-op patient require how many calories to maintain energy reserves? | 1500 kcal/day |
| These facilitate wound healing? | Increased protein, Vitamin A&C, zinc |
| How does preoperative stress effect the heart? | Increase demands on myocardium to maintain cardiac output and general anesthetic agents depress cardiac function. |
| Stress of surgery causes ______ in blood glucose levels? | Increase |
| This disease increase susceptibility to infection and impairs wound healing from altered glucose metabolism and associated circulatory impairment? | DM |
| Predisposes client to F&E imbalances and may indicate underlying infection? | Fever |
| Increase surgical risk by reducing ventilatory and cardiac function? | Obesity |
| Embolus, atelectasis and pneumonia are frequent postoperative complications in this type of client? | Obese clients |
| Frequent arousal during sleep, morning headaches, daytime somenolence and chronic fatigue are signs of what? | Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) |
| A patient diagnosed with OSA and is scheduled for surgery, should be asked to bring what with them to the hospital? | CPAP or NIPPV |
| Ideally, how long do surgeons wait to perform surgery after completion of radiation treatment? | 4-6 weeks |
| Severe protein breakdown causes what? | Negative Nitrogen Balance |
| What happens as a result of adrenocortical stress response? | Body retains sodium and water and loses K within the first 2-5 days after surgery. |
| Potentiate anesthetics if taken within 2 weeks before surgery? | Antibiotics |
| These drugs reduce cardiac contractility and impair cardiac conduction during anesthesia? | Antidysrythmics |
| Pre-op assessment for a pt. on anticoagulants? | D.C. at least 48hrs before surgery. |
| This drug alters metabolism of anesthetic agents? | Anticonvulsants |
| Affect platelet activity and increase susceptibility to postoperative bleeding? | Ginseng, Gingko, Ginger (GGG). |
| Is reported to increase hypoglycemia with insulin therapy? | Ginseng |
| This becomes elevated if a pts. is dehydrated? | BUN 10-20 mg/100ml |
| What is the normal platelet count? | 150,000-400,000/mm3 |
| What is the normal PT? | 11-12.5 seconds |
| Normal INR? | 0.76-1.27 |
| Normal APTT? | 30-40 seconds |
| Normal RBC's? M and F? | M= 4.7-6.1 million/mm3 and F=4.2-5.4 million/mm3 |
| An option for some clients who choose to donate their own blood before surgery to reduce the risk of transfusion related infections and transfusion reactions? | Autologus Infusions |
| What are some postoperative exercises? | Diaphragmatic breathing, incentive spirometry, coughing, turning and leg exercises |
| Review of the preoperative plan of care, evaluating the care, establish and implementing the intraoperative plan of care and providing for continuity of care postoperatively? | Circulating Nurse (RN) |
| Either on RN, a licensed practical nurse, or surgical technologist. Helps with surgery? | Scrub Nurse or Tech |
| This is where you conduct a focused preoperative assessment to verify the client is ready for surgery and to plan intraoperative care? | Preanesthesia Care Unit (PSCU) |
| What is the primary focus of intraoperative care? | Prevent injury and complications r/t anesthesia, surgery, positioning and equipment use. |
| What are 4 types of anesthesia? | General, Regional, Local, and Conscious Sedation |
| Results in an immobile, quiet client who does not recall the surgical procedure? | General Anesthesia |
| What are 3 phases of anesthesia? | Induction, Maintenance, and Emergence (IME) |
| Results in loss of sensation in an area of the body? | Regional Anesthesia |
| What prevents paralysis during regional spinal anesthesia induction? | Elevation of the upper body. |
| Involves loss of sensation at the desired site? | Local Anesthesia |
| Routinely used for procedures that do not require complete anesthesia but rather a depressed level of consciousness? | Conscious Sedation |
| A pts. postoperative course involves what 2 phases? | Immediate recovery period and postoperative convalescence. |
| It is the _______ responsibility to describe the clients status, the result of sxg, and any complications that occurred? | Surgeon's |
| An objective scoring system that helps identify when pts. are ready for discharge from PACU? | The Aldrete score and Postanesthesia Recovery Score (PARS) |
| The staff nurse assuming care of a pt coming from PACU must do what in the presence of the PACU nurse? | Take new set of V/S to compare with PACU findings. |
| Pts. must receive a composite score of ___ to ___ before discharge from PACU? | 8,10 |
| In this phase of recovery you initiate postoperative teaching with clients and family members? | Phase II |
| A life threatening complication of anesthesia, which causes hypercarbia, tachypnea, tachycardia, PVC's, unstable BP, cyanosis, skin mottling, and muscular rigidity? | Malignant Hyperthermia |
| An increased CO2 is one of the 1st signs? | Malignant Hyperthermia |
| Segmental skin areas innervated by specific segments of the spinal cord? | Dermatomes |
| This is the guiding principle when medicating older adults because of their slow drug-clearance capabilities? | "Start slow and Go slow" |
| Pts. with known OSA should be placed in what position throughout the perioperative period? | Lateral, prone, or side lying position. |
| Pain that is not amenable to analgesics and pain alleviated interventions? | Intractable pain |
| How often do you administer analgesics after surgery to improve pain control? | Around-the-clock, the first 24-48hrs |
| This is late sign of Malignant Hyperthermia? | Elevated temp. |
| A medication used to treat Malignant Hyperthermia? | Dantrolene Sodium |
| Clients need to void within ___ to ____ hours after surgery? | 8,12 |
| Pt. is admitted to the hospital? | Inpatient |
| Pt. who goes to sxg the day of sxg and returns home on the same day (same day sxg)? | Ambulatory (outpatient) |
| The purpose of using a vent for a brain dead pt? | Keep major organs viable. |
| What type of sxg is used to repair cleft palate, or closure of atrial septal defect in the heart? | Constructive Sxg |
| A bunionectomy, facial plastic sxg, hernia repair, breast reconstruction are what type of sxg? | Elective Sxg |
| Do not send pts to sxg if they have what? | Fever |
| How long are consent forms good for? | 30 days |
Created by:
BOjangles1006
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