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BS Final

Homeostasis, Sexual Repro

QuestionAnswer
Which hormone aids directly in reducing sugar level of blood? insulin
Which structures transmit electrochemical messages? neurons
What is the function of feedback? help keep body conditions near a normal, steady state (homeostasis)
How are the endocrine and nervous systems similar? both help maintain homeostasis
Why do hormones only affect target cells? membranes of target cells have specific receptors for a particular hormone
If nerve cell x releases a chemical A that travels to a receptor on nerve cell y, what is taking place? cellular communication
Draw a picture of the question above.
Give 3 ways human white blood cells respond to pathogens. engulf and destroy bacteria, produce antibodies, and identify invaders for destruction
If a person's immune system attacks substances that are normally harmless, such as pollen, it results in allergies
What do vaccinations contain that stimulate the immune system to respond? weakened or dead or partial microbes
Draw a picture of white blood cells, antibodies, pathogens, and antigens, and label it.
What happens in your body when you get a flu shot? antibodies against the flu virus form in the blood
What are disease-causing microbes known as? pathogens
Explain transplant rejection. people who receive transplants produce antibodies in response to foreign antigens in the organ of the donor, and the body tries to fight off the foreign antigens.
When homologous chromosomes separate during gametogenesis, it is known as... disjunction
How are mitotic and meiotic cell division similar? both involve replication of chromosomes
Draw a diagram of male gametogenesis.
Draw a diagram of female gametogenesis.
What are the 3 small non-functional structures in oogenesis called? polar bodies
Why is the earthworm considered a hermaphrodite? it has the ability to produce both eggs and sperm
If an alligator sperm cell has 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in a stomach cell of this alligator? 32 (2N - diploid, bc it is a body cell)
What type of cell division forms egg and sperm cells? meiosis
What process joins egg and sperm? fertilization
When the zygote makes more cells, different cells, to develop into a baby, it is called... differentiation
What are the normal chromosome numbers of an egg, a sperm, and a zygote? monoploid, monoploid, diploid
Put the following in order in the embryonic development: zygote, embryo, sperm, egg, gametogenesis, cleavage, differentiation, fertilization, gastrulation gametogenesis - sperm and egg - fertilization - zygote - cleavage - embryo - gastrulation - differentiation
What reproductive adaptation is common in terrestrial vertebrates? fusion of gametes in moist female reproductive tract (internal fert)
Animals that carry on external fertilization usually... reproduce in water
Draw a sketch of cleavage.
How does an embryo develop different types of body cells if the genetic instructions in each cell are identical? different parts of the genetic instructions are used to produce different types of cells (SOB - SOA - proteins - Cells)
Describe the fertilization and development of frogs. external fertilization, external development
What is a blastula? Draw one. hollow ball stage of embryonic development
What is the advantage of internal fert and dev over external fert and dev? increased chance for zygote survival
What is a difference between placental mammals and marsupials? marsupials embryo is born immature and must develop in the pouch
Which type of reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the previous generation
Which hormone aids directly in reducing sugar level of blood? insulin
Which structures transmit electrochemical messages? neurons
What is the function of feedback? help keep body conditions near a normal, steady state (homeostasis)
How are the endocrine and nervous systems similar? both help maintain homeostasis
Why do hormones only affect target cells? membranes of target cells have specific receptors for a particular hormone
If nerve cell x releases a chemical A that travels to a receptor on nerve cell y, what is taking place? cellular communication
Draw a picture of the question above.
Give 3 ways human white blood cells respond to pathogens. engulf and destroy bacteria, produce antibodies, and identify invaders for destruction
If a person's immune system attacks substances that are normally harmless, such as pollen, it results in allergies
What do vaccinations contain that stimulate the immune system to respond? weakened or dead or partial microbes
Draw a picture of white blood cells, antibodies, pathogens, and antigens, and label it.
What happens in your body when you get a flu shot? antibodies against the flu virus form in the blood
What are disease-causing microbes known as? pathogens
Explain transplant rejection. people who receive transplants produce antibodies in response to foreign antigens in the organ of the donor, and the body tries to fight off the foreign antigens.
When homologous chromosomes separate during gametogenesis, it is known as... disjunction
How are mitotic and meiotic cell division similar? both involve replication of chromosomes
Draw a diagram of male gametogenesis.
Draw a diagram of female gametogenesis.
What are the 3 small non-functional structures in oogenesis called? polar bodies
Why is the earthworm considered a hermaphrodite? it has the ability to produce both eggs and sperm
If an alligator sperm cell has 16 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be in a stomach cell of this alligator? 32 (2N - diploid, bc it is a body cell)
What type of cell division forms egg and sperm cells? meiosis
What process joins egg and sperm? fertilization
When the zygote makes more cells, different cells, to develop into a baby, it is called... differentiation
What are the normal chromosome numbers of an egg, a sperm, and a zygote? monoploid, monoploid, diploid
Put the following in order in the embryonic development: zygote, embryo, sperm, egg, gametogenesis, cleavage, differentiation, fertilization, gastrulation gametogenesis - sperm and egg - fertilization - zygote - cleavage - embryo - gastrulation - differentiation
What reproductive adaptation is common in terrestrial vertebrates? fusion of gametes in moist female reproductive tract (internal fert)
Animals that carry on external fertilization usually... reproduce in water
Draw a sketch of cleavage.
How does an embryo develop different types of body cells if the genetic instructions in each cell are identical? different parts of the genetic instructions are used to produce different types of cells (SOB - SOA - proteins - Cells)
Describe the fertilization and development of frogs. external fertilization, external development
What is a blastula? Draw one. hollow ball stage of embryonic development
What is the advantage of internal fert and dev over external fert and dev? increased chance for zygote survival
What is a difference between placental mammals and marsupials? marsupials embryo is born immature and must develop in the pouch
Which type of reproduction produces offspring that are genetically identical to the previous generation, and why? asexual. involves just one parent.
How do asexual and sexual repro differ? asexual involves mitosis, sexual involves meiosis
In animals with internal development, where does the embryo implant? lining of the uterus
Embryos that develop internally obtain food and oxygen through the... placenta
Created by: thomase
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