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Fingerprints
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) | electronic databases for law enforcement purposes |
| Knowns | contains prints of known individuals |
| Forensic files | consists of images from unsolved cases |
| Fingerprint principles | A fingerprint is an individual characteristic, a fingerprint will remain unchanged throughout a person's life time, and fingerprints have general characteristics ridge patterns that permit them to be classified |
| Minutia | lines of the fingerprints |
| Exits | describes the direction of lines coming in or out |
| Deltas | triangle with ridges radiating outward in three directions |
| Arch | has ridges that enter on one side of the finger and cross to the other side while rising upward in the middle Exits: 2 Deltas: 0 |
| Loop | must have one or more ridges entering and exiting from the same side it began Exits: 1 Deltas: 1 |
| Whorl | has at least one ridge that mkaes a complete circuit Exits: 0 Deltas: 2 |
| Dactyloscopy | the practice of using fingerprints to identify someone |
| Patent prints | occur when a substance such as blood, ink, paint, dirt, or grease on the fingers of the perpetrator of a crime leaves behind a readily visible print |
| Plastic prints | three-dimensional quality and occur when the perpetrator impresses a print into a soft substance such as wax, putty, soap |
| Latent prints | "hidden" to the naked eye, consist of only the natural secretions of human skin and require treatment to cause them to become visible. |
| Eccrine | largely water with both inorganic (ammonia, chlorides, metal ions, phosphates) and organic compounds, (amino acids, lactic acids, urea, sugars) |
| Apocrine | secrete cytoplasm and nuclear materials |
| Sebaceous | secrete fatty or greasy subatance |
| Lifting latent prints: powder | adhere to both water and fatty deposits, choose a color to contrast with the background |
| Lifting latent prints: iodine | fumes react with oils and fats to produce a temporary yellow brown reaction |
| Lifting latent prints: ninhydrin | reacts with amino acids to produce a purple reaction |
| Lifting latent prints: silver nitrate | react with chlorides to form silver chloride, a material which turns gray when exposed to light |
| Lifting latent prints: cyanoacrylate | "super glue" fumes react with water and other fingerprint constituents to form a hard, whitish deposit |
| Lifting latent prints: lasers | uses lasers and alternative light sources to view latent fingerprints |
Created by:
TBrylewski
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