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KMS8Sci CH 16

The Restless Earth

QuestionAnswer
According to Wegener, how many landmasses did all continents once form? One
Process of forming new oceanic lithosphere as magma rises to the surface Sea-floor spreading
Areas where sea-floor spreading takes place Mid-ocean ridges
Process that happens when Earth's magnetic poles change place Magnetic Reversal
Theory that explains how continents reached their current locations Continental Drift
Place where tectonic plates touch is known as the Tectonic Boundary
Boundary formed when tectonic plates collide Convergent Boundary
Boundary formed when tectonic plates separate Divergent Boundary
Boundary formed when tectonic plates slide past horizontally. Transform Boundary
When rock is hearted, it becomes less dense and tends to rise
Plate motion due to higher densities Slab Pull
Plate motion due to gravity Ridge Push
Plate motion due to the heating and cooling of rocks Convection
How fast do tectonic plates move? Centimeters per year
When stress squeezed an object it is called Compression
When stress stretches an object it is called Tension
The process by which the shape of a rock changes because of stress Deformation
The bending of rock layers due to stress is known as Folding
A fold where both ends of the rock layer are horizontal Monocline
A downward, troughlike fold in a rock layer Syncline
An upward arching fold in a rock layer Anticline
When tension pulls rocks apart, it creates a Normal fault
When compression pushes rocks together it creates a Reverse Fault
When opposing forces cause rock ot break and move horizontally Strike-slip fault
When tectonic plates collide, folds and faults can become Mountain ranges
What kind of mountain range is formed when rock layers are squeezed and forced upward? Folded mountains
What kind of mountain range is formed when tension causes large blocks of crust to drop down? Fault-block mountians
What kind of mountain is formed when magma rises to the surface and erupts? Volcanic Mountians
The rising of Earth's crust to higher elevations is called Uplift
The sinking of regions of the Earth's crust to lower elevation is called Subsidence
When the Earth's crust slowly springs back to its original elevation, it is called Rebound
What did Wegener call the single large landmass? Pangaea
Underwater mountain chains running through EArth's ocean basins are called Mid-ocean ridges
In a reverse fault, where does the hanging wall move relative to the footwall? Downward
In a normal fault, where does the hanging wall move relative to the footwall? Upward
Used to measure the movement of tectonic plates Global positioning system
Harden to form new rock at mid-ocean ridges Magma
Used as evidence for continental drift Fossils
Used as evidence for sea-floor spreading Magnetic reversal
Created by: stameykl
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