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biology
Boulder High biology chapter 3
| word | definition |
|---|---|
| ecology | the study of the interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment |
| biosphere | the part of the plant that life exists in, includes the organisms, land, air etc |
| species | a group of organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring |
| populations | groups of individuals of the same species |
| communities | groups of different populations that live together |
| ecosystem | a collection of all the organisms that live in a certain place |
| biome | a group of ecosystems that are similar in climate and have the same dominate communities |
| autotroph | a plant that can produce energy from sunlight or chemicals |
| producer | another name for autotrophs, they make their own food |
| photosynthesis | using solar energy to make food out of carbon dioxide and water |
| chemosynthesis | using the energy in chemicals such as hydrogen sulfide to make food |
| heterotroph | organisms that rely on other organisms for their food, also called comsumers |
| consumers | heterotrophs, because they consume other organisms |
| herbivores | a type of heterotroph that eats only plants |
| carnivores | heterotrophs that eat animals |
| omnivores | heterotrophs that eat both plants and animals |
| detritivores | heterotrophs that eat plant and animal remains |
| decomposers | heterotrophs that break down organic matter |
| food chain | energy transfer through an ecosystem by eating and being eaten |
| food web | links the food chains together |
| trophic level | each step in the food chain or food web, only about 10% of the energy moves up from one trophic level to the next |
| ecological pyramid | representation of the energy or matter in an ecosystem, showing the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level |
| biomass | the total amount of living matter in a given trophic level |
| biogeochemical cycles | how elements and matter are passed throughout the biosphere, including the water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle etc. |
| evaporation | the process when liquid water changes to water vapor |
| transpiration | water enters the atmosphere from the leaves of plants |
| nutrients | the substances in food that are necessary to sustain you |
| nitrogen fixation | bacteria in the soil convert nitrogen gas into ammonia that can be used by plants |
| denitrification | when nitrogen is returned to to the atmosphere |
| primary productivity | the rate that organic material is created by producers in an ecosystem |
| limiting nutrient | a nutrient that is available in small amounts and limits the productivity of an ecosystem |
Created by:
viki.lawrence
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