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FlashCards-FinalExam
Question | Answer |
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What are the characteristics and needs of a living thing? | Characteristics Of Life: Cellular Organization, Chemicals of Life, Energy Use, Response to Surroundings, Growth and Development, and Reproduction. Needs: Water, Food, Living Space, Stable Internal Conditions. |
How do you write a scientific name? | When typed, it needs to be italicized and the first word capitalized, and the second word not. When written, first word capitalized, and second word not. |
What is Taxonomy | The scientific study of how living things are classified. |
What are the levels of the classification system? | Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. |
What is the difference between a stimulus and a response? | A stimulus is a change in an organism's surroundings and a response is an action or change in behavior. |
What is the difference between growth and development? | Growth is becoming larger and development is becoming more complex. |
What is the difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph? | A heterotroph does not make its own food and they eat other organisms. An autotroph makes its own food. |
What domains contains only prokaryotes? | Bacteria and Archaea. |
Cytoplasm | The material within a cell apart from the nucleus. |
What structures do the amoeba, paramecium, and euglena use to move? | Flagellum-Euglena Cilia-Paramecium Pseudopods-Amoeba |
What are the parts of the seed? | Seed coat, embryo, cotyledon. |
What are the female parts of a flower? | Pistils which consist of sticky stigma, a slender tube called the style and hollow structure called the ovary at the base. |
What are the male parts of a flower? | Steman-Anther+Filament |
What are the characteristics of angiosperms? | Produces flowers and produces seed that are enclosed in fruit. |
What do fungi have in common with animals? | Heterotroph and eukaryotes. |
What is the function of the hyphae in fungi? | Breaks down food. |
What is the chemical that is inside the chloroplast? | chlorophyll. |
What are the products of photosynthesis? | sugar and oxygen. |
What are the reactants of photosynthesis? | Carbon Dioxide and water. |
What structure in a cell is a storage area for water, food, and waste products? | vacuole. |
What is cellular respiration? | Cell breaks its own simple food molecule such as glucose to release the energy they contain. |
What structure on the leaf allows oxygen and water vapor out and carbon dioxide in? | Stomata. |
Why is the cuticle important to the plant? | It protects the leaf from water loss. |
What structure in plant allows movement of material? | Vascular tissue such as xylem and phloem. |
What is the function of the mitochondria? | They convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. |
What is the function of the chloroplast? | Captures energy from sunlight and uses it to make for the plant cell. |
What are the two stages of respiration? | The first stage is when molecules of glucose are broken down into smaller molecules and the second stage is when the small molecules are broken down into even smaller molecules. |
What structure releases the most amount of energy during respiration? | Mitochondria. |
What is the Cell Theory? | All cells come from other cells, all living things are made of cells and cells are the basic unit of structure and function. |
What are exmaples of active transport? | Transporting by engulfing. |
What is the difference between active tranport and passive transport? | Active transport requires energy for the molecules to go in and out of the membrane. Passive transport is when molecules are dissolved through a membrane without using energy. |
What are example of passive transport? | Diffusion and Osmosis. |
How does mitosis differ from meiosis? | Mitosis i cell reproduction, and meiosis is process in cell division. |
Why does the sex cell have only half of the amount of chromosomes as the body cells? | It only has half because half goes to the parent. (they are distributed to different cells) |
What is cross-pollination? | Pollen is taken off one plant and brushed onto another flower on another plant. |
What is self-pollination? | Pollen from a flower that lands on the pitil of that same flower. |
How do the nitrogen bases pairs join in DNA? | The order of the nitrogen bases along the gene forms a genetic code that specifies what type of protein with be produced. |
How do you complete a punnet square? Give an example. | Show all possible allele combinations in the offspring. |
What is the difference between a gene, chromosome, and DNA? | A gene is a set of information that controls a trait, a chromosome is apart of chromatin, and DNA carries the information to the offspring. |
What is the shape of DNA? | Like a ladder. (it is called a double helix) |
What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype? | An organism's phenotype is a physical appearance and an organism's genotype is its genetic make up, or allele combination. |
What is a carrier? | A carrier is a person who has one recessive allele for a trait but does not have the trait. |
What is the difference between a hybrid and a purebred? | A purebred is the offspring of many generations and a hybrid has two different alleles for a trait. |
What is the genotype for a male? | SS or the dominant. |
What i the genotype for a female? | Ss or the recessive. |
What is a ex-linked trait? | Genes on the X and Y chromosomes. |
Mitochondria | Rod shaped cell structures that convert energy in food to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions. |