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Chapter 5 Science

Vocab for Science Test May 21 and Final Exam

QuestionAnswer
Sonar A system that uses sound waves to calculate the distance to an object, and that gets its name from sound navigation and ranging
Continental Shelf A gently sloping, shallow area of the ocean floor that extends outward from the edge of a continent
Continental Slope A steep incline of the ocean floor leading down from the edge of the continental shelf
Abyssal Plain A smooth, nearly flat region of the deep ocean floor
Mid-Ocean Ridge A continuous range of mountains on the ocean floor that winds around Earth
Trench A deep, steep-sided canyon in the ocean floor
Plate One of the major pieces of solid rock that make up Earth's upper layer
Seafloor Spreading A process by which new rock is added to the ocean floor along the boundary between diverging plates
Intertidal Zone An area that stretches from the highest high- tide line on land to the point on the continental shelf exposed by the lowest low-tide
Neritic Zone The area of the ocean floor that extends from the low-tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf
Open-Ocean Zone The deepest, darkest area of the ocean beyond the edge of the continental shelf
Plankton Tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents
Nekton Free-swimming animals that can move throughout the water column
Benthos Organisms that live on the bottom of the ocean or other body of water
Food Web The feeding relationships in a habitat
Estuary A coastal inlet or bay where fresh water from rivers mixes with salty ocean water
Atoll A ring-shaped coral reef that surrounds a shallow lagoon
Bioluminescence The production of light by living things
Hydrothermal Vent An area where ocean water sinks through cracks in the ocean floor, is heated by the underlying magma, and rises again through the cracks
Aquaculture The farming of saltwater and freshwater organisms
Nodule A lump on the ocean floor that forms when metals such as manganese build up around pieces of shell
Created by: Allison9
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