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Final Exam cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the characteristics of a living thing | cellular orgainization, chemicals of life, energy use, reproduction, growth and development, response to surroundings |
| What are the needs of a living thing | food, water, living space, stable internal conditions |
| How do you write a scientific name | First, you write the genus and the the species. The genus should be capitalized. The name should be italicized |
| What is taxonomy | The study of how living things are classified |
| What are the levels of classification | domain, kingdom, phylum, classes, order, family, genera, species |
| What is the difference between a stimulus and response | A stimulus is a change in an organism's surroundings, while a response is how the organism reacts to the change |
| What is the difference between growth and development | Growth is getting bigger while development is the changes an organism goes through to make it more complex. |
| What is the difference between a heterotroph and an autotroph | An autotroph makes its own food while a heterotroph doesn't. |
| What two domains contain only Prokaryotes | Archaea and Bacteria |
| What is the life cycle of an angiosperm | An angiosperm produces flowers, eggs cells and pollen grains are created in the and anthers. Pollen grains are trapped on the stigma moved by an insect. The pollen tube grows and the sperm cells move through it and fertilizes the egg cells. becomes fruit |
| What structures to Amoeba, paramecium and euglena use to move | Amoeba uses pseudopods, Euglena uses flagella, and paramecium use cilia. |
| What are the parts of the seed | seed coat, embryo, cotyledon |
| What are the female parts of a flower | ovary, stigma, style |
| What are the male parts of the flower | anther, filament |
| What are the characterictics of angiosperms | produce seeds enclosed in fruit |
| What is the function of fungi in the environment | decompose food, provide food, cause diseases, fight diseases |
| What do fungi have in common with animals | both heterotrophs, both Eukaryotes |
| What is the function of hyphae in Fungi | breaks down food |
| what chemical is inside chloroplast | chlorophyll |
| What are the products of photosynthesis | glucose and oxygen |
| What are the reactants of photosyntheis | water and carbon dioxide |
| What structure in the cell acts as a storage area for the cell | vacuole |
| What is cellular respiration | when a cell releases energy in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. It is a two step process. Glucose and oxygen are used. |
| What structure of the leaf allows oxygen and water vapor out and carbon dioxide out | stomata |
| Why is the cuticle important to a plant | it keeps water from evaporating out of the leaves |
| What structures inside a plant allow movement of materials | Xylem and Phloem |
| What is the function of mitochondria | to break down food and release energy |
| What is the function of the chloroplast | to capture energy from sunlight |
| What are the two stages of respiration | one occurs in cytoplasm where oxygen is not involved and the second occurs in the mitochondria where oxygen is involved |
| what structure releases the most amount of energy during respriation | mitochondria |
| What is the Cell Theory | Three statements composed by Schwann, Virchow, and Schleiden that says all living things are made of cells, cells are basic unitsof structure and function in living things, and all cells are produced from other cells. |
| What are examples of passive transport | osmosis and diffusion |
| What is the difference between active transport and passive transport | Active transport recquires energy while passive transport does not |
| What are examples of active transport | englufing, transport proteins |
| What happens in Prophase | spindle fibers appear, nucleur membrane absorbed, centrioles move to opposite sides of the cell |
| What happens in Metaphase | spindle fibers hook on to centromeers, chromatids move to center of cell |
| What happens in Anaphase | Spindle fibers pull centromeers, cell pinches inward |
| What happens in telophase | cell continues to pinch inward, chromatids lenghten, nucleus reforms |
| How does meiosis differ from mitosis | in mitosis chromosomes duplicate, while in meiosis only half the cells are used |
| Why does a reproductive cell only have half the chromosomes as a regular cell | it will meet up with another sex cell to make a full set of chromosomes |
| what is cross pollination | when pollination involves two plants |
| what is self pollination | when pollination involves one plant |
| How do nitrogen pairs join in DNA | They are joined with the same gene some recessive, some dominant |
| How do you complete a punett square | put the one combination of genes on the top and the other combo on the bottom. Fill the square in like a multiplication table |
| What is the difference bewteen a gene, a chromosome, and DNA | chromosomes are made of genes, and genes are made of DNA |
| What shape is DNA | a double helix |
| What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype | phenotypes are physical traits while genotypes are genetic makeups |
| what is a carrier | heterozygous genotype that carries the recessive trait, but doesn't express it |
| What is the difference between a purebred and a hybrid | a purebred has two dominant or two recessive genes while hybrids have one of each |
| what is the genotype for a male | XY |
| what is the genotype for a female | XX |
| What is a sex-linked trait | a trait that is found only on the x chromosome |
Created by:
dcb
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