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psych ch17 vocab
psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| psychotherapy | any treatment used by therapists to help troubled individuals overcome their problems |
| eclectic approach | method that combines various kinds of therapy or combinations of therapies |
| psychoanalysis | a form of therapy aimed at making patients aware of their unconscious motives so that they can gain control over their behavior and free themselves of self-defeating patterns |
| humanistic therapy | an approach to psychology that focuses on the value, dignity, and worth of each person and holds that healthy living is the result of realizing one's full potential |
| cognitive therapy | an approach in which thoughts are used to control emotions and behaviors |
| behavior therapy | a form of therapy that begins with clear, well-defined behavioral goals aimed at changing undesirable behavior through conditioning techniques |
| placebo effect | the influence that a patient's hopes and expectations have on his or her improvement during therapy |
| empathy | capacity for warmth and understanding |
| group therapy | patients work together with the aid of a leader to resolve interpersonal problems |
| self-help groups | people who share a particular problem, are often conducted without the active involvement of a professional therapist |
| insight | the apparent sudden realization of the solution to a problem |
| free association | a method used to examine the unconscious; the patient is instructed to say whatever comes into his or her mind |
| resistance | the reluctance of a patient either to reveal painful feelings or to examine longstanding behavior patterns |
| dream analysis | a technique used by psychoanalysts to interpret the content of patients' dreams |
| transference | the process, experienced by the patient, of feeling toward an analyst or therapist the way he or she feel/felt toward some other important figure in his or her life |
| client-centered therapy | reflects the belief that the client and therapist are partners in therapy |
| non-directive therapy | the free flow of images and ideas, with no particular direction |
| active listening | empathetic listening; a listener acknowledges, restates, and clarifies the speaker's thoughts and concerns |
| unconditional positive regard | the therapist's consistent expression of acceptance of the patient, no matter what the patient says and does |
| behavior modification | a systematic method of changing the way a person acts and feels |
| rational-emotive therapy (RET) | a form of psychological help aimed at changing unrealistic assumptions about oneself and other people |
| counter conditioning | a technique that pairs the stimulus that triggers an unwanted behavior with a new, more desirable behavior |
| systematic desensitization | a technique to help a patient overcome irrational fears and anxieties |
| aversive conditioning | links an unpleasant state with an unwanted behavior in an attempt to eliminate the behavior |
| contingency management | undesirable behavior is not reinforced, while desirable behavior is reinforced |
| token economy | desirable behavior is reinforced with valueless objects or points, which can be accumulated in exchange for various rewards |
| cognitive-behavior therapy | based on a combination of substituting healthy thoughts for negative thoughts and beliefs and changing disruptive behaviors in favor of healthy behaviors |
| drug therapy | biological therapy that uses medications |
| antipsychotic drugs | medication to reduce agitation, delusions, and hallucinations by blocking the activity of dopamine in the brain; tranquilizers |
| antidepressants | medication to treat major depression by increasing the amount of one or both of the neurotransmitters noradrenaline and serotonin |
| lithium carbonate | a chemical used to counteract mood swings of bipolar disorder |
| anti-anxiety drugs | medication that relieves anxiety and panic disorders by depressing the activity of the central nervous system |
| prefrontal lobotomy | a radical form of psychosurgery in which a section of the frontal lobe of the brain is destroyed |
| electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) | the electrical shock is sent through the brain to try to reduce symptoms of mental disturbance |
| psychosurgery | a medical operation that destroys part of the brain to make the patient calmer and freer of symptoms |
Created by:
lizhopper2
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